Daily Warm-Up Exercises Day 6 All igneous rocks form underground. Is the above statement true or false? Explain. False. Some form on Earth's surface from molten rock that is released when a volcano erupts. When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface? Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 7-15) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

Layers of the Earth Inner Core: At the center of the Earth Solid iron and nickel Outer Core: Surrounding the inner core Molten iron and nickel Mantle: Between the crust and core The most massive part of Earth Lower part is a soft (plastic) solid Crust: The thin outer surface of the Earth The part we stand on If Earth were an egg, the crust would be the shell Compare Rock Formation 3

Igneous Rocks Extrusive igneous rock forms when lava cools on the surface of the Earth Called lava on the surface examples: obsidian, pumice, tuff, scoria, basalt Intrusive igneous rock forms when magma cools below the surface of the Earth in the crust example: granite

Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic means “changed” Rocks that have changed from other types of rock The change is brought about by pressure and/or heat Called lava on the surface

Metamorphic Rocks Pressure occurs when Rocks are buried deep in the Earth Magma pushes up from below Heat occurs when rocks are covered with magma Heat and Pressure result when rocks are pressed down close to magma

Metamorphic Rocks When rocks get so hot that they melt, they turn into magma If magma resolidifies, it is a new igneous rock Metamorphic rocks never completely melt

(the original rock that changes) Source and Morph Rocks All metamorphic rocks form from a source rock Source Rock (the original rock that changes) Morph Rock Heat and/or Pressure limestone marble

Source and Morph Results shale slate shale or mudstone schist sandstone quartzite granite gneiss

Daily Warm-Up Exercises Essay Question What forces are constantly shaping and reshaping Earth’s surface? (Hint: constructive/ destructive) Earth processes are going all the time. Destructive processes break down landforms. These include weathering, erosion, and tectonic plates sinking and melting. Constructive processes build up. They include mountain building, deposition (sedimentation), and new crust formation. When igneous rock forms underground, is it likely to form faster, slower, or at the same rate as igneous rock that forms on Earth's surface? Slower. There is extreme heat inside Earth, so molten rock that is trapped underground will cool and harden slowly. Daily Warm-Up Exercises 10 Daily Warm-Up Exercises 10