Write the following question below in your notebooks and answer it, after reading the handout: What is the main point of the handout? Why? Robert M. LaFollette, Wisconsin Governor Monday, 12/7/15

WHO were the “Progressives?” 1920s 1890s “Progressive Reform Era” - Middle class reformers - Feared socialism & wealthy capitalists -Mexico, really, did not have a middle class during the early 1900’s. -** How did this fact affect Mexican society during the early 1900’s?

Theodore Roosevelt : the “accidental President” Republican ( ) The “Bully Pulpit” ** Video – Early years of TR’s presidency (questions) Trust-buster – Northern Securities holding company (1902) 1902 Coal Strike & arbitration

Write the following questions below in your notebooks and answer it, working in small- groups, and reading the textbook (pages , 302, 304, ): (1) What were the Progressive Era reforms, listed on these pages, meant to improve within the lives of the working- and middle-classes? How did they benefit? (2) Could you argue we all today benefit from these changes? Why or why not?

Questions I forgot to include on the Study Guide, so make sure to write these down : ** (1) How does Theodore Roosevelt change the American Presidency: what were his actions, and how these are different from those of previous presidents? ** (2) Summarize the impact of the Progressive Era Reforms: how do these reforms change America, and is this socialism? Why or why not? Wednesday, 12/9/15

Regulation regarding child labor, workers’ compensation, limiting hours, zoning and building codes Alcohol prohibition Hepburn Act (1906) Meat Inspection Act (1906) Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) Environmental Conservation 16 th Amendment – income tax Federal Reserve Act Clayton Antitrust Act “Progressive Era Reforms” Are these reforms socialism? K ‐ 12.C.1 Students will explain, compare and contrast, and analyze the historical principles and philosophical purposes and various forms of governments. Socialism vs. Progressivism

Socialism is an economic system characterized by government ownership or social ownership of land, goods, resources and programs meant to “encourage” success by many Americans. – Redistribute wealth – Abolish capitalism or remove certain sectors of the economy away from the capitalist system – Goal: Public management of production resources Progressivism in the U.S. is a political reform movement, generally considered to be middle class and reformist in nature. – “Regulate” business – Support capitalism – Programs that help the working class – Goal: raise the standard of living of the average member of society Socialism vs. Progressivism

Reform at the City / State Level Child Labor – By 1929, every state banned children under 14 from working Workers’ Compensation – Starting in 1911, 10 states passed laws requiring businesses to provide workers’ comp. Zoning Laws – divided cities into commercial & residential sections Building Codes – safer standards Socialism?

Regulating Food and Drugs Why the reform? - Selections from The Jungle by Upton Sinclair – “They use everything about the hog except the squeal.” – “These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together.” – “[The] old sausage that had been rejected, and that was moldy and white – it would be dosed with borax and glycerine, and dumped, and made over again for home consumption.”

Meat Inspection Act (1906) – Federal Inspection of Meat-packing plants & standards of cleanliness Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) – Prohibited sale of impure drugs Hepburn Act (1906) – Strengthens the I.C.C. ** Eliminated bribery used by railroads Theodore Roosevelt : the “accidental President” Republican ( ) Socialism?

Antiquities Act (1906) – Protecting lands of historical & scientific interest and prehistoric lands – Gives the president “nearly-unfettered discretion” Theodore Roosevelt : the “accidental President” Republican ( ) Socialism? Conservationist vs. Preservationist National Forest Service (1905) – Managing forest resources

Other protected habitats - 51 bird sanctuaries - 5 national parks - 4 game refuges - 18 national monuments million acres of forest reserves - 80 million acres of protected under the U.S. Geological Survey Socialism?

CONSERVATION: National Parks and Forests

Wilson’s Progressive Era Reforms Sixteenth Amendment (1913) – income tax, new source of revenue!! Federal Reserve Act (1913) Federal Reserve Banking System Clayton Anti- Trust Act (1914) Further regulated businesses Allowed unions to exist Wilson at the peak of his power Woodrow Wilson President Democrat

The Federal Reserve System … es muy importante Federal Reserve Act (1913)

Federal Reserve and Monetary Policy Federal Reserve strives to manage the money supply as well as availability of credit with the goals of … – Maximum employment – Stable prices – Moderate long-term interest rates (1) Open market operations – buying and selling securities, U.S. bonds (2) The discount rate – interest charged other banks (3) Reserve requirements – keeping $$$ on hand