Chapter 4: Lesson 3 A New Parliamentary system : __________________along with the __________________and some __________________ wanted a legislative assembly Wanted the __________________to exercise more power November 24, 1784 a document was sent to the British Crown “The Humble Petition of Your Majasty’s Ancient and New Subjects Inhabitants of the Province of Quebec” 1791 London __________________to the demands and passed the Constitutional Act

Constitutional Act 1791 In an effort to satisfy __________________, but also protect the rights of the __________________. The Province of Quebec was divided into two distinct territories: __________________ Each of the new colonies was granted a __________________________.

THE THIRD CONSTITUTION The Constitutional Act of 1791 UPPER CANADALOWER CANADA Territory Lake Ontario to lake Superior (present day – Southern Ontario) English-speaking Loyalists. St. Lawrence valley – north to Labrador (90% French-speaking) LawsBritish Civil and Criminal Law French Civil Law and British Criminal Law Form of Government A parliamentary system with Legislative Assembly for both Upper Canada and Lower Canada ReligionReligious freedom for both Upper Canada and Lower Canada Land distribution system Township systemExisting Seigneuries kept, new land would be townships.

Political Organization of Lower Canada 1791 (p. 9) British Government Colonial Secretary Governor General Executive CouncilLegislative Council Legislative Assembly (“The House”) The Voters (Population) Great Britain Lower Canada

Political Institutions in 1791 – due to launch of parliamentary system InstitutionsFunctionsNumber of individuals Governor General (LC) Lieutenant Governor (UC) Leader of government Convene legislative Assembly at least once a year Could dissolve assembly Power of veto – submit directly to King Appointed and directed civil servants Leader of military One person in each Canada, appointed by the King of England Executive Council Oversaw application of law Government’s budget (civil service salaries, public works, etc) Nine members in each Canada, appointed for life by the Governor Legislative Council Propose motions of law to Legislative assembly Veto laws enacted by Legislative assembly At least 15 members in each Canada, appointed for life by the Governor Legislative Assembly Propose motions of law, discuss Voted on motions proposed by legislative council Voted on taxes needed to run colony At least 50 representatives in each Canada, elected by the population for a four- year term.

The Process of Enacting a Law 1791 Today Legislative Assembly Executive Council (Departmental Ministers)  Legislative Council House of Commons  Governor General Senate  Executive Council Cabinet  Population Population

The Elections 1791 – right to vote had conditions _________________________________ _________________________________(live in Great Britain or one of its colonies) Own __________________________________________

Gaps in the Parliamentary system of 1791 __________________________ – Governor was able to veto any bills Members of _____________________and _____________________has far-reaching powers, but were not elected. Were chosen by __________________, and for most part were __________________. The Executive Council, although responsible for the colony’s budget, were not _____________________________________. Britain wanted to give ________________________(avoid something like the American Revolution) Elected Representatives were not dumb, and ordered for more power.

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