“In monarchy the crime of treason may admit of being pardoned or lightly punished, but the man who dares rebel against the laws of a republic ought to suffer death.” – Samuel Adams “I hold it that a little rebellion now and then is a good thing….God forbid that we should ever be twenty years without such a rebellion….The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is its natural manure.” – Thomas Jefferson

Was it really a Revolution? Analyzing the formation of the Early Republic

The Articles of Confederation Why was it created? Why did it fail? - Annapolis Convention Shays’ Rebellion

The Constitutional Convention – The Art of Compromise… Big States vs Small States Big States vs Small States North vs South North vs South Federal vs States Rights Federal vs States Rights Remember the Ladies? Remember the Ladies?

Who was there and what did they want? “All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and well-born, the other the mass of the people…. The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right. Give therefore to the first class a distinct permanent share in the government….. Can a democratic assembly who annually revolve in the mass of the people be supposed steadily to pursue the public good? Nothing but a permanent body can check the imprudence of democracy….” - Alexander Hamilton

The final product New Jersey/Virginia Plans 3/5s compromise and the slave trade Checks and Balances Minorities (or shall we say the Majorities?) left out James Madison Father of the Constitution

Preamble to the Constitution We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Fight for Ratification Federalists vs Anti-Federalists… Federalists vs Anti-Federalists… –Federalist Papers: James Madison, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton  Federalist Paper No. 10 – No factions with large republican government  Federalist No. 51 – Checks and Balances –Anti-Federalists push for Bill of Rights…

New Government: President = George Washington President = George Washington Vice Pres = John Adams Vice Pres = John Adams Sec. of Treasury = Alexander Hamilton Sec. of Treasury = Alexander Hamilton Sec. of State = Thomas Jefferson Sec. of State = Thomas Jefferson Judiciary Act of 1789 – 6 Supreme Court Judges, 13 district Courts Judiciary Act of 1789 – 6 Supreme Court Judges, 13 district Courts