Organization of the Human Body

Let’s do a quick activity! SHxl9dhM8shttp:// SHxl9dhM8s

Get out a piece of paper. Name all of the body systems and the function of each system used during the activity.

Objective 3.1 Arrange, in order, the organizational levels of the human body from the cell through organ systems.

Living systems at all levels of organization demonstrate the complimentary nature of structure and function. The levels of organization consist of cells, tissues, organs, organ systems and whole organisms.

As you move up the levels of organization, the levels increase in complexity.

A cell is smaller than the period at the end of this sentence yet a single cell has all the items necessary to carry out life’s activities.

The cells in similar tissues and organs in other animals are similar to those in human beings but differ somewhat from cells found in plants.

Organelles of animal and plant cells

Cell- The basic unit of life. Cells are the smallest structures capable of basic life processes, such as taking in nutrients, expelling waste and replicating ( making copies of itself).

The activity that each cell carries out is done by structures called organelles. Organelle-A differentiated structure within a cell, such as a mitochondrion, vacuole, or chloroplast, that performs a specific function.

Some of the different types are: bone cells, blood cells, cardiac cells, neurological cells and skin cells. When you put all of these cells together they make up you.

Let’s look at some different types of cells after we watch Tim and Moby. sandbodybasics/cells/zoom.weml

Smooth muscle cell

Cardiac muscle cell

Nerve cells

Epithelial Cell A color-enhanced microscopic photograph reveals the distribution of structures and substances in epithelial cells isolated from the pancreas. The red areas correspond to deoxyribonucleic acid, the blue to microtubules, and the green to actin. The cells secrete bicarbonate which neutralizes acid.

Tissue teamwork When like (same type) cells work together or grouped together, they form tissues.

Write it down. Tissue- is a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job in the body.

Connective Tissue

Organ Different tissues are in turn grouped together to form larger functional units called organs.

Write it down. Organ- When two or more specialized tissues working together to perform a specific job.

Examples of organs Lungs

Heart

Stomach

A great combinations Organs work together in groups to perform particular jobs. These groups are called organ systems.

Write it down Organ systems- a group of organs that works together to perform body functions.

Circulatory systemDigestive system

Organs systems The organs in the organ system depend on each other. If any part of the system fails, the whole system is affected.

Organism Each type of cell, tissue, and organ has a distinct structure and set of functions that serve the organism as a whole.

Independent living (write it down) Anything that can live on its own is called an organism.

You have about 20 different kinds of cells, and each type is specialized to do a certain job. Specialized cells perform specialized functions in multi-cellular organisms.

Specialization in cells allows tissues, organ, and systems to work more efficiently.

Specialization- cells that perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms. Groups of specialized cells cooperate to form a tissue, such as a muscle.

The function of a part of an organism is related to the structure of that part.

Biosphere

Exit Question What would happen if your digestive system stopped converting food to energy?