The Roaring 20’s An era of prosperity, disparity, and conflict

1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age“ 1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age“ Period represents a great period of social, economic and political change for Canadians Period represents a great period of social, economic and political change for Canadians for first time the census reflected an urban society - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living for first time the census reflected an urban society - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living

Age of Prosperity Economic Economic expansion Mass Mass Production Assembly Assembly Line Age Age of the Automobile Ailing Ailing Agriculture…

an agricultural depression in early 1920's contributed to this urban migration an agricultural depression in early 1920's contributed to this urban migration Cdn. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europe Cdn. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europe at same time agricultural efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer labourers needed at same time agricultural efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer labourers needed farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms repossessed) farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms repossessed) Canadian farmers entered the Depression in advance of the rest of society Canadian farmers entered the Depression in advance of the rest of society

Consumer Economy

Culture of the Roaring 20’s Radio KDKA Pittsburgh GE, Westinghouse,& RCA formed NBC- American culture invaded Canada Silent Movies starring Charlie Chaplin “Talkies” The Jazz Singer Starring Al Jolson Mary Pickford “America’s Sweetheart” -from Toronto!

Celebrities Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of St. Louis Babe Ruth Lionel Conacher King Clancy Bobbie Rosenfeld

The 20’s is The Jazz Age The 20’s is The Jazz Age The Flappers make up cigarettes short skirts Musicians Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington Writers F. Scott Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway

1920's also brought about great changes for women 's also brought about great changes for women gave them the federal vote 1918 gave them the federal vote after 1920, social circumstances changed as more women worked outside the home after 1920, social circumstances changed as more women worked outside the home more women went to university and clamoured to join the professions more women went to university and clamoured to join the professions women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revolt women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revolt characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman" characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman" –(bobbed hair, short dresses, smoked in public...)

for immigrants – the point of origin had shifted to S & E Europe and new religions appeared: Judaism, Orthodox Christianity, Catholicism for immigrants – the point of origin had shifted to S & E Europe and new religions appeared: Judaism, Orthodox Christianity, Catholicism N. European immigrants of early 19c. feared this shift and felt it would undermine Protestant values N. European immigrants of early 19c. feared this shift and felt it would undermine Protestant values many wanted Parliament to restrict immigration, leading to a quota system that favoured northern areas of Europe many wanted Parliament to restrict immigration, leading to a quota system that favoured northern areas of Europe fear of immigrants (from SE Europe) led to a sentiment known as the Red Scare (fear of communism from Russian Revolution) fear of immigrants (from SE Europe) led to a sentiment known as the Red Scare (fear of communism from Russian Revolution) basic communism advocates an int'l revolution by the proletariat/workers - fear that this ideology could find its way into Canada basic communism advocates an int'l revolution by the proletariat/workers - fear that this ideology could find its way into Canada

The Ku Klux Klan Great increase In power Anti-black Anti-immigrant Anti-women’s suffrage Anti-bootleggers Anti-Semitic Anti-Catholic Chapters in Canada!

Scopes “Monkey” Trial Evolution vs. Creationism Dayton, Tennessee Science vs. Religion John Scopes High School Biology teacher

Prohibition Gangsters Al Capone

PROHIBITION - on manufacture and sale of alcohol PROHIBITION - on manufacture and sale of alcohol an outgrowth of the long-time temperance movement an outgrowth of the long-time temperance movement in WWI, temperance became a patriotic movement - drunkenness caused low productivity & inefficiency, and alcohol needed to treat the wounded in WWI, temperance became a patriotic movement - drunkenness caused low productivity & inefficiency, and alcohol needed to treat the wounded a difficult law to enforce... organized crime, speakeasies, bootleggers were on the rise a difficult law to enforce... organized crime, speakeasies, bootleggers were on the rise Al Capone virtually controlled Chicago in this period Al Capone virtually controlled Chicago in this period Provinces ended prohibition between 1920 and 1930 (PEI 1948); USA ended it Provinces ended prohibition between 1920 and 1930 (PEI 1948); USA ended it "Rum-running" lucrative "Rum-running" lucrative

Reflection Time! Questions to consider: To what extent did the “roaring twenties” actually roar? Was it $$ and good times for all? Who benefited? Who suffered? What do you think were the causes of the Great Depression and the “Dirty Thirties”?