Learning Goals:  Identify factors that identified national unity in the early 1800s.  Describe events that increased sectionalism.  Summarize how Americans reached agreements with foreign nations to help secure its borders.  Journal Question: If Arizona decided to break away from the United States and create its own country how would you feel about that?  During this time period of history politicians tried to bring the United States together.

1. Nationalism is the feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward your nation. Henry Clay was a strong nationalist.1. Nationalism is the feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward your nation. Henry Clay was a strong nationalist.

2. Three parts of the American System were: Establish a protective tariff ; Tariffs are a tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition Establish a protective tariff ; Tariffs are a tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition establish a national bank establish a national bank improve the country’s transportation systems improve the country’s transportation systems.

3. Southerners objected to high tariffs because they depended on trading cotton for foreign manufactured goods. An old cartoon ridiculing Henry Clay's Tariff and Internal Improvement Program Henry ClayHenry Clay

4. The Missouri Compromise maintained the balance of power in Congress between free states and slave states.4. The Missouri Compromise maintained the balance of power in Congress between free states and slave states. The handshake represents that an agreement kept the U.S. from war at this time. Missouri’sFlag

fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor or service as aforesaid." 5. "And be it further enacted. That in all that territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of the state, contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, that any person escaping into the same, from whom labor or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor or service as aforesaid." – Missouri Compromise from Section 8 of the document According to the Missouri Compromise fugitive slaves who traveled to a free state would be returned to the owner.

6. By acquiring Florida and setting the boundary with Canada at the 49 th parallel, the United States settled border disputes with Spain and Britain.6. By acquiring Florida and setting the boundary with Canada at the 49 th parallel, the United States settled border disputes with Spain and Britain. Florida’s flag

7. The Monroe Doctrine declared that the United States would view European interference in the Americas as a threat to the national interest of the United States.