Binary Stars (Chapter 21 of book). The Types of Binary Stars Visual Binaries Eclipsing Binaries Spectroscopic Binaries.

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Presentation transcript:

Binary Stars (Chapter 21 of book)

The Types of Binary Stars Visual Binaries Eclipsing Binaries Spectroscopic Binaries

Visual binaries…you can see them as two stars in a telescope Alpha Geminorum: Castor

With visual binaries, if you know the distance, you know what V and R are Bright double stars…find them on your SC1 Chart and look at them in a telescope StarSeparation (arcseconds) Period (years) Alpha Herculis Epsilon Lyrae Beta Cygni34.5? Gamma Andromedae 9.6?

Visual binaries have wide separations and very long periods

Second class of binary…eclipsing binaries One star in a binary comes in front of The other and blocks its light

The classic example of an eclipsing binary…Algol, Beta Persei Period of Algol= Days; orbital Period much Shorter and Precisely known

Upcoming minima of Algol (Beta Persei) October 13, 3:23 AM October 16, 00:12 AM October 18, 09:01 PM Also check eclipsing binary Beta Lyrae, P= days

The final class of binary stars: spectroscopic binaries Basic physical process: the Doppler effect demo

Spectroscopic binaries (3rd class of binaries); known to be binaries only because of periodic variations in the spectrum

From periodic wobbling back and forth of the spectral lines of a (blended) binary, we can often determine R,V, and thus the masses of the stars From observations of binaries, we have the masses Of a sample of stars, and can study how stellar Properties depend on mass.

The masses of stars (and their luminosities) Main Sequence stars