JUDAISM Beginning around the year 2000 BCE

DO NOW: ACROSTIC POEM In your do now section on a piece of loose-leaf, but today’s date at the top of the page. Next, write the word “JUDAISM” vertically down your page. Come up with a word or phrase that starts with each letter of the word Judaism. Your information should be based on 2.3 and our activity on Friday. Be creative JUDAISMJUDAISM

STATION 1: OPEN-NOTE QUIZ  This was the standard quiz; 5 questions worth a total of 20 points *That may vary a little time to time*  Partial credit is offered  For more difficult questions, I expect you to provide as much detail as you can  Use your best judgment, did you answer the question fully?

STATION 2: CENTRAL BELIEFS 1) Belief in one God: this monotheistic belief was the most important characteristic of Judaism, standing out from the surrounding, polytheistic regions (1 st monotheism) 2) Justice and Righteousness: these moral codes would guide Jewish way of life and influence future religions to come. This also differed from some polytheistic religions that lacked a moral component 3) Obedience to the Law: Jewish law is extremely important. This adds to the idea that Judaism is a way of life and a very involved religion. The 10 Commandments are the most important laws with others dealing with food, such as eating only kosher food. 4) Jewish Sacred Texts: The most important of these are the Torah. The other parts of the Hebrew Bible are the Prophets and the Writings. The Talmud was written later and offers important interpretations. These texts provide unity.

Map

CHRONOLOGY Check your notes and fix as we go! If you would like to redo it as we go so that you have more room for notes, just start on a piece of loose-leaf

GOD MAKES A COVENANT WITH ABRAHAM  This was the solemn promise that God would deliver Abraham to a “Promised Land” and that his descendants would be many if he turned to monotheism  The idea of a covenant, or promise, is central to Judaism. Represents how each side, God and the Jewish people, have rights and obligations to each other  Different from most religions of the time that are centered around unpredictable and temperamental gods with no promises

ABRAHAM LEAVES UR  God came to Abram and told him to make a journey  Abraham had to abandon his polytheistic beliefs and commit his life to the worship of 1 God  Believed that his father, was an idol merchant  Abraham and his wife, Sarah, have a son named Isaac and Isaac has a son named Jacob

ABRAHAM GOES TO CANAAN  Abraham accepts the covenant, adopts this monotheistic view, and heads to Canaan

JACOB HAS 12 SONS  Jacob is the son of Isaac, who is the son of Abraham. They are known as patriarchs (or fathers)  Jacob is given the name Israel *usually meaning “who prevails with God”  Jacob’s 12 sons create the 12 Tribes of Israel

THE ISRAELITES GO TO EGYPT  A famine causes the Israelites to search for more resources, many try Egypt  The pharaoh feels threatened by the presence of a large, new cultural group

MOSES LEADS THE ISRAELITES OUT OF EGYPT/ THE EXODUS  The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt and forced to work for the pharaoh  According to the Torah, Moses would lead the Israelites out of Egypt. He was said to have been born an Israelite, but raised in pharaoh’s palace  The Torah says that God sent plagues to scare pharaoh into releasing the Israelites.

THE 10 COMMANDMENTS  After wandering for year, Moses received the 10 Commandments from God on top of Mt. Sinai according to the Torah  These laws will come to structure not only Judaism, but future monotheistic religions

ISRAEL IS GOVERNED BY THE JUDGES  Instead of a centralized government, Israel organized underneath local judges  One of the most effective was Deborah  She is seen as a warrior and a strong female figure

ISRAEL NAMES SAUL KING  1st King of united Israel  Had some military successes, but overall was a jealous and weak ruler  David, his successor, was a beloved king of Israel  Solomon, David’s son, would continue the dynasty. The Kingdom reached its peak under his leadership

BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY  After the death of Solomon, the question of succession split Israel in half  The 10 tribes in the north formed Israel, the 2 tribes of the south formed Judah  The Assyrians attacked in 722 BCE and scattered the people of Israel  The Chaldeans destroyed Judah in 586 BCE along with Solomon’s Temple  They brought many Jews with them as slaves back to Babylon

DIASPORA  Babylonian Captivity was the start of Jewish diaspora, the scattering of the Jews outside of Judah  This would spread the culture and influence of the Jews farther than ever before  People of Jewish descent would cling to their religion in order to preserve their unique identity while being removed from their “Promised Land”

STATION 5: MIMERY!

Put in order of followers from most to least Taoism Hinduism Christianity Buddhism Confucianism Islam Judaism Jainism

Followers Christianity-2.1 billion Islam billion Hinduism million Buddhism-376 million Judaism million Confucianism-6.3 million Jainism-4.3 million Taoism-2.3 million

Put in chronological order of earliest to latest Hinduism Christianity Islam Judaism Buddhism shows-how-religions-spread-around-the-world.htmlhttp:// shows-how-religions-spread-around-the-world.html

Hinduism-date difficult to determine, but oldest religion Judaism-2,000 BC Buddhism-500 BC Christianity-30 C.E. Islam-600’s C.E.