HTML5 & CSS3 A Practical Guide

HTML5 is more than HTML5 HTML5 Spec CSS3 Spec Web Fonts JavaScript to tie it all together

What’s New in HTML5 Spec? Simplified and Loose Syntax New Elements and Attributes Embedded Media Canvas Offline Storage Drag and Drop Geo-Location

What’s New in CSS3 Spec? New Selector Decorations New Column Layout Transformation (Rotate, Resize…etc) Animation (Fade In/Fade Out)

IN THE REAL WORLD HTML5

Why Use HTML5 Today? Pros Better semantics Lean code Improved user experience Cons Some work is needed to accommodate older browsers

Approaches Modernizr Numerous polyfills

Modernizr A minimal JavaScript solution (5k) that detects a browser’s features

html5shiv Turns HTML5 structural elements into HTML4 elements for older browsers becomes

Using today Pros Greater compatibility Better performance Cons More complex preparation Can be tricky when embedding hosted videos (YouTube, Vimeo, etc.)

Video tag markup Video for Everybody code by Kroc Camen

VideoJS Builds on VFE Uses JavaScript for a more consistent experience Falls back gracefully if JavaScript is disabled FREE! See for details and downloads.

IN THE REAL WORLD CSS3

Why Use CSS3 Today? Pro Smaller download Less JavaScript Better user experience Cons Some work is needed to accommodate older browsers

Various Approaches CSS3 + IE Filters PIE Selectivzr Modernizr eCSStender

CSS3 + IE Filters Pure CSS solution with forks background: #1E5799; /* old browsers */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #1E5799 0%, #2989D8 50%, #207cca 51%, #7db9e8 100%); /* firefox */ background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#1E5799), color-stop(50%,#2989D8), color- stop(51%,#207cca), color-stop(100%,#7db9e8)); /* webkit */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#1E5799', endColorstr='#7db9e8',GradientType=0 ); /* ie */

At a Glance SelectorDecorationFile SizeNotes CSS3 + IE FilterNoYes?

PIE A JavaScript solution that uses IE specific behavior that is applied via HTML Components (HTC). Limited feature support: border-radius box-shadow linear-gradient HTC file is 11kb.

At a Glance SelectorDecorationFile SizeNotes CSS3 + IE FilterNoYes? PIENoLimited11KIE Only

Selectivizr A JavaScript solution that emulates CSS3 pseudo-class and attribute selectors in IE 6-8

At a Glance SelectorDecorationFile SizeNotes CSS3 + IE FilterNoYes? PIENoLimited11KIE Only SelectivzrYesNo4KIE Only

Modernizr A JavaScript solution that detects user browser’s features

At a Glance SelectorDecorationFile SizeNotes CSS3 + IE FilterNoYesN/A PIENoLimited11KIE Only SelectivzrYesNo4KIE Only ModernizrNo 5K

eCSStender A JavaScript solution that dynamically writes CSS to support older browsers. Core is (20k), Extensions are additional (tiny)files to download. Only download the extensions that you want.

At a Glance SelectorDecorationFile SizeNotes CSS3 + IE FilterNoYesN/APure CSS PIENoLimited11KIE Only SelectivzrYesNo4KIE Only ModernizrNo 5K eCSStenderYesLimited20K+

Which Approach To Take? Depends… How much CSS3 are you leveraging Download size and performance Who’s your client No JS support and fall back strategies Test, Test, Test!

IN THE REAL

Web fonts Allows a page to use fonts not installed on a users first spec’d in CSS2 Resistance from font designers made it unworkable Designers and services now working together to make fonts available

When to use web fonts Great for headlines, pull quotes, etc., especially when limiting font styles to limit file size Be careful with body copy. Not all fonts are readable at body copy size Keep in mind that different browsers will render differently, so avoid line-breaks and accommodate re-flow of text

Using web fonts Pros Fewer images = lighter pages More creative typography Easier to maintain pages Cons Added page size More “creative” typography Rendering differences make testing a must

Hosted solutions Typekit, Monotype, etc. Low set up difficulty Excellent compatibility: IE4+, Firefox 3.5+, Safari 3.1+, Opera 10+, Chrome 4+ Great selection, no licensing issues Javascript file required, dependence on 3rd party Recurring payments required upper tiers

Serving locally Good selection from Font Squirrel, League of Moveable Type, etc. Moderate set up difficulty Excellent compatibility: IE4+, Firefox 3.5+, Safari 3.1+, Opera 10+, Chrome 4+, iOS No JavaScript required Using your own desktop fonts probably violates the license

How to Hosted services require a script tag and configuration via their website Local code (generated by Font { font-family: 'LeagueGothicReg'; src: url('League_Gothic-webfont.eot'); src: local('☺'), url('League_Gothic-webfont.woff') format('woff'), url('League_Gothic-webfont.ttf') format('truetype'), url('League_Gothic-webfont.svg#webfontOTINA1xY') format('svg'); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; }

Take Away Don’t be afraid to provide the HTML5 experience today HTML5 CSS3 Web fonts JS