All living things are composed of cells

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Section 3: Cell Organelles
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Presentation transcript:

The Animal Cell Key Concept: Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles All living things are composed of cells Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles

Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Barrier to extra-cellular environment Allows nutrients in and wastes out Identifies the cell Receives messages from other cells

Nucleus Controls the cells activities Contains the genetic material (DNA) Surrounded by a nuclear membrane

Nucleolus Manufactures ribosomes

Nuclear Membrane Keeps the DNA inside Allows the RNA to pass into the cell

Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid that fills the cell Breaks down some glucose for energy (glycolysis) – not much energy Filled with free-floating subunits

Mitochondria Metabolizes glucose for energy – provides a great deal of energy Has its’ own DNA Has a double membrane

Endoplasmic Reticulum Two types of ER RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum) contains ribosomes Manufactures and transports proteins SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) has no ribosomes Manufactures and transports lipids

Ribosome Makes proteins Sometimes attached to RER Sometimes free-floating in the cytoplasm

Golgi Apparatus Packages proteins Modifies proteins Prepares them for export to the organism outside the cell

Vesicle Transports proteins to and from the Golgi apparatus

Lysosome Digests worn out organelles Destroys infected or un-necessary cells Contains digestive enzymes

Centriole The centriole is found only in animal cells It is involved in cell division

Plant Cells Plant cells have many of the same organelles as animals cells

Plant Cells Have 2 Extra Organelles Outside the cell membrane, plants have a cell wall Plants have large central vacuoles Plants have chloroplasts to convert sunlight to glucose

Chloroplasts Use CO2, H2O and sunlight to produce Carbohydrates Releases O2 Contains double membrane Has its’ own DNA

Chloroplast Chlorophyll does the work Chlorophyll is located in the thylakoid stacks Thylakoid stacks are called granum

Shape and Support Made of cellulose (an indigestible form of carbohydrate) Found just outside the plasma membrane

Transport Into & Out of the Cell Materials move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration This is called diffusion

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