The Particle Theory of Matter 1.All matter is made up of extremely small particles. 2.Each pure substance has its own kind of particles. 3.Particles attract.

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Presentation transcript:

The Particle Theory of Matter 1.All matter is made up of extremely small particles. 2.Each pure substance has its own kind of particles. 3.Particles attract each other. 4.Particles are always in motion. 5.Particles at a higher temperature move faster than particles at lower temperatures. 6.There are spaces between particles.

Pure Substances (All particles are identical and can be chemically separated) 1.Elements -made of only one type of identical particle a.Metals -found on the left side of the periodic table (e.g. gold - Au) b.Non-metals -found on the right side of the periodic table (e.g. oxygen - O) c.Metalloids -have properties of both metals and non-metals (e.g. silicon - Si)

Pure Substances (All particles are identical and can be chemically separated) 2.Compounds -made of two or more types of identical particles a.Inorganic (non-living) i.Ionic (metal + non-metal elements) e.g. salt (NaCl) ii.Polyatomic (3 or more elements) e.g. chalk (CaCO 3 ) iii.Covalent/Molecular(2 non- metal elements) e.g. water (H 2 O) b.Organic (living)

Mixtures ( Contains different particles mixed together that can be physically separated) 1.Homogenous -one visible phase in either a liquid solution or a solid metal alloy e.g. koolaid or brass 2.Heterogenous -two or more visible phases involving solids or solid and liquid colloids e.g. sand or milk