CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION TO PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. BY: BY: Dr. Uche Amaefuna-Obasi (MD).

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What is pathophysiology? What is pathophysiology? Pathophysiology may be defined as the physiology of disease, of disordered function, or derangement of function seen in disease that is produced by the action of an etiologic agents on susceptible tissues or organs. Pathophysiology may be defined as the physiology of disease, of disordered function, or derangement of function seen in disease that is produced by the action of an etiologic agents on susceptible tissues or organs.

PATHOLOGY Pathos (suffering) + logos (study) General and Systemic

Pathophysiology includes also the study of the mechanisms underlying disease. Pathophysiology includes also the study of the mechanisms underlying disease.

Why do we study pathophysiology ？ Why do we study pathophysiology ？ Pathophysiology is the bridge subject between Basic sciences and Clinical Medicine. Pathophysiology is the bridge subject between Basic sciences and Clinical Medicine.

Main teaching content and Syllabus Main teaching content and Syllabus Content Conspectus of disease: The general concept of diseases and general etiology and pathogenesis of diseases. Fundamental pathological process: Common changes of function, metabolism and structure occurred in the different diseases.

Systemic pathophysiology Systemic pathophysiology : Heart failure, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, renal failure.

Objectives: After studying this chapter, the student is expected to 1. Explain the role of pathophysiology in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. 2. Use appropriate terminology.

3. Explain the importance of a patients medical history. 4. Describe common cellular adaptations and possible reasons for the occurrence of each. 5. Identify precancerous cellular changes.

6. List the common causes of cell damage. 7. Describe the common types of cell necrosis and possible outcomes.

Some key words to note….. Pathogenesis: the pattern of tissue changes associated with the development of disease. Etiology: the study of the cause of disease. Idiopathic: diseases that have no identifiable cause. Cytology: Exfoliative, FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) Haematology: study of blood

Iatrogenic: diseases that occur as a result of medical treatment. Nosocromial: diseases that are acquired as a consequence of being in a hospital environment. Autopsy: “see for yourself” Biopsy: removal of tissue sample from body for examination