Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide TEI and neighbouring standards: CIDOC-CRM Øyvind Eide Universität Passau (with thanks to Christian-Emil Ore and the rest of the CIDOC-CRM SIG)

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide Interconnected cultural heritage

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide TEI XML Physical and logical structure Semantic content RDF/OWL ontology Network of associations Additional statements and interpretative layers on the day he abjured the kingdom Thomas de Rumberue William de Ashford Henry III Fine Rolls Project (Ciula, Viera: “Complementing and extending TEI documents with an ontology”. TEI Members Meeting 2008) Text and ontology

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide Ontology/ies What is ontology? –The study of being What are ontologies? –Shared conceptualisations expressed in formal languages TEI and ontologies –TEI can express ontological information –TEI documents are based on an ontology of the encoded text –TEI as a whole is not one ontology

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide Connecting TEI to ontologies P4: names could be connected to external resources P4: feature structures P5: names can be connected as in P4 P5: names can be connected via a representation of the named object, typically in the header Where is the link (to an external ontology) in the markup of the text? Where does it point –which document? –which formalism?

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide Turn around: CIDOC-CRM to TEI A TEI document, or a fragment thereof, can be modelled as a CIDOC-CRM conceptual object This can be used to explicitly document elements of the CIDOC-CRM model

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide TEI as part of CIDOC-CRM

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide Beyond TEI A fragment of a imaginary archaeological excavation report: “The excavation in Wasteland in 2005 was performed by Dr. Diggey. He had the misfortune of breaking the beautiful sword (C50435) into 30 pieces.”

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide … … The excavation in Wasteland in 2005 was performed by Dr. Diggey. He had the misfortune of breaking the beautiful sword (C50435) into 30 pieces. … Actor: Dr. Diggey Relation: performed Event: E1 Type excavation Place: Wastland Time- span 2005 Actor: Dr. Diggey Relation: performed Event: E2 Type: Modification Descr: Breaking the sword into 30 pieces Relation: part of E1 Relation: in presence of Object: Sword Relation: identified by Identifier: C50435 Information extraction

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide participate in E39 Actors (persons, inst.) E55 Types E28 Conceptual Objects E18 Physical Things E2 Temporal Entities (Events) E41 Appellations refer to / refine refer to / identifie have location within E53 Places E52 Time-Spans at affect or refer to CIDOC-CRM

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide A long chinese pipe of bone. Donated 12th May 1853 by Kildal-Lund. Object(man made): A pipe Object attributes material: bone shape: long Relation: was produced Event: Production Place: China Event: Donated Time-span: 12th May 1853 Relation: by Actor: Kildal-Lund. Example from museum catalogue

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide participate in E21 Kildal-Lund E22 A pipe E12 Production event E8 Donation affect or / refer to location in within E53 Places E52 Time-Spans Object(man made): A pipe Object attributes material: bone shape: long Relation: was produced Event: Production Place: China Event: Donated Time-span: 12th May 1853 Relation: by Actor: Kildal-Lund. E22 Man Made object E12 Production eventE2 Temporal entity Was produced E53 China E52 12th May 1853 E39 Actors by Mapping to CRM

Digital Humanities Dr. Øyvind Eide E31 Document E21 Person (actor) E82 Actor appellaton ”Dr. Diggey” E7 Activity E52 Time span E50 Date ”2005” E55 Type ”Archaeological report” P2 has type P1 is identified by E11 Modification ”Breaking of the sword” P9 forms part of P14 carried out by E22 Man–Made object “Sword” P12 was present at P70 documents P4 has time-span E55 Type ”Archaeological excavation” E53 Place E44 Place appellaton ”Wasteland” P7 took place at E82 Object identifier ” C50435” P2 has type P1 is identified by P78 is identified byP87 is identified by The content of the text in CIDOC-CRM