Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

Ten enzymes catalyze ten reactions in turn. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

ATP transfers a phosphate to the 6-carbon sugar glucose. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

Glucose 6-phosphate is rearranged to form its isomer, fructose 6-phosphate. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

A second ATP transfers a phosphate to create fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The fructose ring opens, and the 6-carbon fructose 1,6-bisphosphate breaks into the 3-carbon sugar phosphate DAP and its isomer G3P. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

The DAP molecule is rearranged to form another G3P molecule. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

The two molecules of G3P gain phosphate groups and are oxidized, forming two molecules of NADH + H + and two molecules of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG). Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

The two molecules of BPG transfer phosphate groups to ADP, forming two ATPs and two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

The phosphate groups on the two 3PGs move, forming two 2-phospho- glycerates (2PG). Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

The two molecules of 2PG lose water, becoming two high-energy phospho- enolpyruvates (PEP). Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate

Finally, the two PEPs transfer their phosphates to ADP, forming two ATPs and two molecules of pyruvate. Figure 7.6 Glycolysis Converts Glucose to Pyruvate