ATP & ADP Copyright Cmassengale

What Is ATP? Energy used by all Cells Adenosine Triphosphate Copyright Cmassengale

Organic molecule containing high-energy Phosphate bonds ATP is a type of nucleic acid (like DNA and RNA). What Is ATP?

An ATP Molecule is composed of the following: A Nitrogenous Base – Adenine A Sugar – Ribose Three phosphate groups

Chemical Structure of ATP 3 Phosphates Ribose Sugar Adenine Base Copyright Cmassengale

Where does ATP come from? ATP comes indirectly from the food that we eat. Molecules of carbohydrates (glucose) and lipids are broken down through the process of cellular respiration to produce ATP.

What Does ATP Do for You? It supplies YOU with ENERGY! Copyright Cmassengale

How Do We Get Energy From ATP? By breaking the high- energy bonds between the last two phosphates in ATP Copyright Cmassengale

ADP-ATP Cycle Cells break phosphate bonds between the last two phosphate groups in a molecule of ATP as needed to supply energy for most cellular functions, when this happens a molecule of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a phosphate become available for reuse.

ADP-ATP Cycle When any of the phosphate bonds are broken or formed, energy is involved. Energy is released each time a phosphate is removed from the molecule. Energy is stored each time a phosphate attaches to the molecule.

ADP-ATP Cycle To constantly supply the cell with energy, the ADP is recycled, creating more ATP which carries much more energy than ADP.

What is the Process Called? HYDROLYSIS (Adding H 2 O) H2OH2O Copyright Cmassengale

How Does That Happen? An Enzyme! Copyright Cmassengale

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle To supply cells with energy, a “high energy” bond in ATP is broken. ADP is formed and a phosphate is released back into the cytoplasm. ATP ADP + phosphate + energy

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle As the cell requires more energy, ADP becomes ATP when a free phosphate attaches to the ADP molecule. Then energy needed to create an ATP molecule is much less than the amount of energy produced when the bond is broken. ADP + phosphate + energy ATP

How is ATP Re-Made? The reverse of the previous process occurs. Another Enzyme is used! ATP Synthetase Copyright Cmassengale

The ATP-ADP Cycle ATP-ase ATP Synthetase Copyright Cmassengale

When is ATP Made in the Body? During a Process called Cellular Respiration &Photosynthesis Copyright Cmassengale