Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA Vocabulary for Today…. Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA

NUCLEOTIDES

Hereditary Information Controls Life Processes Atoms of elements (C,H,O,P,N) Nucleotides -3 parts:a.phosphate b.sugar c.nitrogen base All these create HEREDITY (Chemical instructions passed from parents to the offspring at reproduction) Nucleic Acids - 2 types: a.RNA b.DNA Gene- sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that code for one characteristic Chromosomes- long thread like group of genes found in the nucleus Nucleus Cell

Nucleotides General Structure: Nitrogen Base Sugar Phosphate

Structure of Nucleotides: A. Phosphate Supplies “NRG” (energy) for: Making Nucleic Acid (DNA & RNA) Molecules which create HEREDITY for the organism Replication- making exact copies of Nucleic Acids Protein Synthesis B. Nitrogen Bases: Adenine Guanine Thymine (DNA) or Uracil (RNA) Cytosine

C. Sugars: 2 types Deoxyribose Ribose: 5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose) Has one less Oxygen than ribose Ribose: 5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose) Has one more Oxygen than deoxyribose

Nucleotides are “Building Blocks” for the 2 types of Nucleic Acids A. Deoxyribonucleotides B. Ribonucleotides - Make DNA: DeoxyriboNucleic Acid - Types of Nitrogen Bases: Make RNA: RiboNucleic Acid - Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Adenine (A) Thymine (T) - 2 Chemical differences between DNA and RNA are: 1. DNA has Deoxyribose sugar 2. DNA Has Thymine D R - Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Adenine (A) Uracil (U) 1. RNA has Ribose sugar 2. RNA Has Uracil P NB NB P

Heredity is established by… …The number and sequence of the nucleotides. This is how we get our genetic diversity.

Review! What are the building blocks for nucleic acids? Nucleotides! What are the 2 types of Nucleic Acids? DNA & RNA What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Phosphate 5-Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose or ribose) Nitrogen Base

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