Warm Up (answer on p of notebook ): Answer question #6 on page 51A Homework: vocab 2, day 3 Read section 2.2A, answer questions 1-6 p59A put h/w on p25 in interactive notebook

5.01 Interpret ways in which rocks, fossils, and ice cores record Earth's geologic history and the evolution of life including:  Geologic Time Scale.  Index Fossils.  Law of Superposition.  Unconformity.  Evidence for climate change.  Extinction of species.  Catastrophic events.

EQ: How do fossils tell the story of Earth’s history? Obj: TLW describe how different kinds of fossils record earth’s history by creating a tree map and writing and argument for the most useful type of fossil.

DateSession # ActivityPage # 9/ Warm Ups, Session /19-209Thinking Maps20 Plate Boundary Diagram21 9/ Continental Drift & Plate Tectonics Test (1A)20 9/ EQ Answer Argument: Which Type of Fossil Provides the Most Useful Evidence of Earth’s History? 22 Earth’s History Thinking Map, Fossil Stations, H/W 23

VIEWS of the EARTH’S PAST

Revealing Earth’s Past Fossils Natural Evidence ________ Original Remains Fossils in rock Mold & Cast Carbon Film Petrif ied Wood Trace

 Imprints or remains of ORGANISMS that were once alive  Form in sedimentary rock Form in sedimentary rock  Why not igneous?  Samples:

 Fossils are evidence of not only when and where organisms once lived, but also how they lived  Fossils are rare, most organisms do not become fossilized…..why?

 Scavengars and predators eat remains  Decomposition: fungus and bacteria (decomposers) invade remains.  VERY SPECIFIC CONDITIONS MUST EXIST FOR A FOSSIL TO BE FORMED

Fossil of a squid like animal called an ammonite. Here a portion of its outer shell has been worn away to show the intricate structure of its chamber walls.

Actual bodies or body parts of an organism…NO decomposition. May only form in: Ice  Ice (Best for preservation)  Amber  Amber (hardened resin usually from trees)  Tar  Tar (animals get trapped and are preserved)

 ICE – Mammoth  AMBER – Small Insects; Twigs  TAR – Saber Toothed Tiger

MOLD – Imprint of an organism ~ Dead organisms deposit in sediment ~ Buried ~ Sediment cements into rock ~ Organisms DECAY away & leave a MOLD CAST - What fills the mold ~ Minerals deposit it the mold & becomes a REPLICA of the organism

CAST cast In this example of the process, the plaster becomes the CAST. In nature, of course, the impression of a plant or animal would be filled with silt, clay, sand or some other natural substance. This filling would become the cast

This is an example of a cast. This is a plaster cast of a trilobite. If this were broken, it obviously would not have any internal structure.

* Stone fossil of a tree! Most hard parts of organisms (shells, teeth, bones) have small spaces between. If the hard portion is buried, ground water can seep in those spaces and deposit minerals. * The different colors are due to the mineral that is deposited. EX: Yellow Brown Orange = Goethite ( type of iron) Green = Pure Iron (Fe) White = Pure Silica Blue, or Purple = Manganese

“STAMP” or the image of the organism is left due to the carbon.  Dead organism is buried by sediment.  Sediment builds up, the organism’s remains are subjected to pressure and heat.  This forces gases and liquids from the organism, leaving only a thin film of carbon behind. Carbon film fossils shows soft parts  ALL living things contain CARBON 14!!

 Leaf Fossil  The organism that left this mark was a brachiopod.

Anything left behind by an organism…… Trace fossils can tell you how an organism lived. Footprints……. Fossilized footprints Present day footprints

Fossilized trail Present day trail

This is a coprolite. It is preserved excrement, in this case from a fox-like animal. Coporolites provide valuable clues to the diet of the animals that produced them

Fossilized burrow Present day burrow

Next class period!!

Answer the EQ: “How do fossils tell Earth’s History? and then Answer the following using argument: Which type of fossil provides the most useful evidence of earth’s history? (Remember to support your position w/facts & evidence. The point isn’t if you pick the “right” fossil, it is how well you present your argument!)