1. How did you feel about the ACT science portion? 2. Did doing practice questions help? (not did you like doing them, but did it help) 3. What could we have done to better prepare you? 4. Any other comments about the ACT science portion? You can vent (briefly) if you like

Big Changes

 Is concerned without how new taxonomic groups came to be  I.e. how did mammals evolve from ancestral reptiles

 Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species

 Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species  Eukarya  Animalia  Chordata  Mammalia  Primate  Hominidae  Homo  Sapiens

 Dude  Kings ▪ Play ▪ Chess  On  Fancy  Gold  Sets

 Usually a population gets separated  Different populations encounter different environments and accumulate different traits  When they are so different they can’t reproduce- they are considered a new species

 Cannot naturally reproduce with each other  Is a byproduct of changing DNA

 Live in different habitats  Mate at different times  Different mating behaviors  Different equipment  Sperm and egg don’t fuse

 The offspring fail to survive  The offspring are sterile  i.e. mules  So in the long run the genes of the two populations don’t mix

 We look for anatomical similarities  Similarities in the amino acids in their proteins  Similarities in DNA sequence  Similarities in behavior  Similarities in development  Similarities to fossil record

 There are a LOT of species  Phylogenetic trees get really, really complicated and extremely detailed

 The top means modern-day species  As you go lower you have the ancestors of that species  Branching means the populations split into two different groups  The more recently the groups branched, the more closely related  The higher on the tree you group things, the more specific the group

Felis Catus Felis

 Divergent evolution  Adaptive Radiation  Co-evolution  Convergent evolution

 Two populations evolve to look very different, despite being related  i.e. whales and hippos are closely related- but look very different  Have homologous structures

 When many species evolve from a single ancestor  I.e. all primates, all mammals etc.

 Evolution of one species affects the other  i.e. birds and flowers, predators and prey

 2 different species evolve to become more similar  i.e. birds and bats, dolphins and fish etc.  Leads to analogous characteristics

 Each group will cover a major branch on the Tree of Life  Identify the unique features of that group, anything important or interesting about them, and examples of members.  Present them to the class  You will be quizzed on the main points on all of the groups