PSY.Freud.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Psychosexual Development
Advertisements

What is the psychodynamic theory of gender development?
A / AS Psychology.. Core Studies
Freud presents.. Little Hans Emily Jane. When Little Hans was nearly three, he started to show a lively interest in his widldler. If you do that, I shall.
 As we go through the power point, make sure you are reading through the multiple choice questions and answering them  You will need the answers to.
Sigmund Freud The Psychoanalytic Approach. Background  Began as a physician  In seeing patients, began to formulate basis for later theory Sexual conflicts.
Little Hans An analysis of a phobia in a 5-year-old boy.
Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development
Father of Psychology! Sigmund Freud.
Psychoanalytic Theory of Criticism
$2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 $2 $5 $10 $20 $1 Freud A little More Freud Defense mechanisms Neo-Freudians humanistic.
The developmental approach & The psychodynamic perspective.
The Psychodynamic Theory Of Abnormality Sigmund Freud.
The Psychodynamic Approach Gender Identity. Intro The psychodynamic approach emphasises the importance of change and development in behaviours. It believes.
Psychodynamic Approach to Personality
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Cher Schwartz. What is Psychoanalytic Theory?  Psychoanalytic criticism builds on Freudian theories of psychology.  An overview.
Father of Psycho-sexual Theory of Development
Freud’s Theory of Personality Development The Psychodynamic Approach Dragonfruittea.wordpress.com.
Freud Psycho-Sexual Theory Oh, how sick can we go…
By: Christina, Amanda, Melissa, and Sam
Sigmund Freud ( ). A Brief Bio… Born into a poor Jewish Austrian family Initially studied to become a doctor Believed mental illness did not originate.
Psychosexual Development
Psychodynamic Theory. Psychodynamic Theories Recall that PD theories believe unlocking the unconscious mind is key to understanding human behaviour This.
Theories of Counseling: Psychodynamic Counseling PowerPoint produced by Melinda Haley, M.S., New Mexico State University. “This multimedia product and.
Psychosexual Stages of Development
BY: Jose L. Barba. Born in Freiburg May 6, 1856 died 23 September 23, 1939 Freud was a Austrian neurologist who is known for being the founder of psychoanalysis.
Freud’s psychosexual stages of development
Freud Psycho-Sexual Theory Oh, how sick can we go…
AS Level Psychology The core studies The developmental approach & The psychodynamic perspective.
Oedipus and Electra Complexes FIY – a mini lesson in psychology.
Neo- Freudians. The Neo-Freudians are personality theorists who started their careers as followers of Freud but eventually disagreed on some of the.
Freud Analysis Oedipus Rex – Prophecy reveals he will kill father and sleep with mother, leaves, killed the sphinx, murdered a man (his father), becomes.
Psychodynamic Approach Attributed to Sigmund Freud 1856 –1939.
Analysis Of A Phobia In A Five Year Old Boy (1909)
LEARNING GOAL 8.2: DISCUSS FREUD'S PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY AND EVALUATE ITS CLAIMS. Psychodynamics.
Sigmund Freud. This is an example of ‘Action research’  One aim was to treat Hans’ horse phobia  A subsidiary aim was to record evidence to support.
Homework essay title: Describe the story of “Little Hans”, giving Freud’s explanation of Hans’ phobia and its cure as well as considering other explanations.
 Psychoanalytic Criticism. The Rationale of Psychoanalytical Literary Criticism  If psychoanalysis can help us better understand human behavior, then.
Freudian Theory: Psychosexual Stages
Starter activity Write down the 5 theories we discussed yesterday as proposed by Freud What is the Oedipus complex?
Psychosexual Development
Paper III Qualitative research methodology. Objective 1.2 Explain strengths and limitations of a qualitative approach to research?
There Are Four Different Parenting Styles Authoritarian~ Low Love and High Limits Permissive ~ High Love and Low Limits Authoritative ~ Democratic or Balanced:
Theory of Psychosexual Development
1 Psychology 320: Gender Psychology Lecture Invitational Office Hour Invitations, by Student Number for November 5 th 11:30-12:30, 3:30-4:30 Kenny.
Sigmund Freud By : the boys. Sigmund Freud Sigmund in his earlier days.
A. Why is this study useful? (especially to Freud) 1. He had recently published Three Essays on The Theory of Sexuality in which he detailed his ideas.
KEY STUDY: Analysis of a phobia in a five year-old boy Sigmund Freud.
 To recall the background and aim of Freud’s study.  To describe Freud’s Study  To Evaluate Freud’s Study.
Methods used by Psychodynamic Approach Explain and evaluate the methodology used by the Psychodynamic approach (12 marks) Diff. Learning: see going further.
PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACH. HISTORY AND CONTEXT  Sigismund Freud was born in Vienna on the 6 th of may  Freud came up with the psychodynamic approach.
FREUD : ANALYSIS OF A PHOBIA IN A FIVE YEAR OLD BOY
Explanations Cognitive Psychodynamic Treatments Cognitive psychodynamic.
Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality
Psychodynamic Approach Freud. Defining Mind (psyche) Energy (dynamic) People have a certain amount of energy If too much is needed to deal with the past.
Sigmund Freud and Psychodynamic Approach: Part 1
By Reuben and Emmalyn Leonard
Key study Analysis of a phobia in a five-year-old boy
Freud Little Hans Study AICE AS Level Psychology Lecture 1
Provides detailed (rich qualitative) information.
Psychoanalytic Critical Lens
Key study Analysis of a phobia in a five-year-old boy
Sigmund Freud.
Little Hans ( ) Freud’s most famous patient.
Sigmund Freud.
Identify the psychological content/ issue/ problem in this song
Freudian psychology This work has been curated by Mr. Neden. Some of the work has been made possible by the generous contributions of Mrs. Sutton.
Psychodynamic Explanation of Gender
Evaluation Support for the Oedipus complex
The Individual Differences Area
Presentation transcript:

PSY.Freud

Bellringer Reductionism is the argument that we can explain behavior and experiences by reference to only one factor, such as genes (nature) or learning (nurture). Consider the findings in Bandura’s study. Could the findings be considered reductionist? Why or why not?

Background A. Why is this study useful? (especially to Freud) 1. He had recently published Three Essays on The Theory of Sexuality in which he detailed his ideas about infantile sexuality and the Oedipal complex. 2. He had been critiqued for formulating his theory on only the recollections of adults in psychoanalysis 3. This case provided an opportunity to exam the phenomenon from a child’s point of view. 4. It illustrates Freud’s methods

B. Background information on Freud and Hans 1. Sigmund Freud is father of psychoanalysis a. He was a doctor in Vienna b. He studied Personality, personality development, & child development and moral development c. He proposed 5 psychosexual stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) d. He studied several patients (mostly young women) who presented with symptoms of hysteria e. Much of his work is also based on his psychoanalysis of his own self. 2. Historical background a. Published much of his work over 100 years ago when England was dominated by Victorian morals about proper behaviour especially in regards to sex and the role of women b. Children at the time were punished brutally, put to work in factories and considered untrustworthy sources of information.

C. Background on Hans 1. Real name Herbert Graf 2. Parents were good friends of Freud. Dad was a famous music critic, mom was a former patient of Freud’s. Freud would attend birthday parties etc. 3. Hans parents were very “liberal” for the time. They didn’t beat Hans and raised him under many of Freud’s principles. 4. Case spans from age 3 ½ to 5 years of age 5. Hans and sexuality a. He liked to coax (cuddle) with his mother b. He was fascinated by his “widdler” since age 3 and masturbated frequently c. Once asked his mother to touch his widdler d. Reportedly had dreams that involved his neighborhood girl friends touching his widdler or watching him touch it.

II. Aim and Methodology A. The AIM 1. This was a chance to test Freud’s theory about infantile sexuality and the Oedipus complex with a real child as opposed to using the recollections of adults. 2. Due to Hans’ development of a phobia this case also presented the opportunity to test Freud’s theory about how phobia’s develop 3. Finally it was a report of the findings of the treatment of a five-year-old boy for his phobia of horses 4. Hypothesis (implicit not explicit) that a 5 year old boy’s phobia of being bitten by a horse can be interpreted in terms of castration anxiety.

B. Procedure/Method 1. A case study in a clinical context of a little boy named Hans who is between the ages of 3-5 during the time period of the study 2. Freud only meets with Hans on one occasion, the majority of the study was conducted through correspondence 3. Conversations between Hans and his father are recorded by the father. 4.This is an example of the case study method 5. Freud gave directions as how to deal with the situation based on his interpretations of the father’s reports. 6. Freud noted that it was the special relationship between Hans and his father that allowed the analysis to progress and for the discussions with the boy to be so detailed and so intimate. 7. first reports of Hans when 3

Cue 1: What is meant by the developmental approach? [2] Cue 2: Consult your AICE textbook and write down 2 strengths and 2 weakness of using a case study method. [4] Cue 3: List two of the aims of this study. [2] Cue 4: List two potential problems you see with how this case study is being conducted [4]

Little Hans Re-enactment

III. The study in detail A. Hans – the early years 1. Hans and his Widdler a. Early masturbation (3 y/o) fits well with Freud’s concept of the phallic stage. b. He also found what seemed to be pleasure from both urinating and defecating c. Mother caught him playing with his penis and threatened to send him to the doctor to have it cut off (castration anxiety.) 2. Death Wishes a. Would punch his dad and then kiss the spot (torn between jealousy-fear and love) b. Hans reported that he wished his mother would drown his little sister in the bathtub Engaged in a biting game with his dad that marked the end of his fear of horses. B. The Phobia Begins 1. Hans was afraid that a horse would bite him 2. Freud believes that the phobia is a result of repressing the anxiety that resulted from his feelings for his mother and father. 3. begins when he was 4 ½ 4. Based partly on a warning Hans overheard a grandfather give his daughter about white horses. 5. Freud believes the horse represents the father. a. The blinders on the horse represent the father’s glasses b. The horses dark facial hair is like his father’s

6. Hans fear evolved from a fear of horses to a fear of horses pulling carts a. Based on a real event where he saw a work horse pulling a heavily laden cart fall over. b. Freud believes i. Hans secretly wished his father would fall over and die too. ii. Hans was preoccupied with defecating, and a full cart was like a full stomach and the horse falling made a sound like the splash in the toilet. iii. A full cart is like a pregnant woman, when the horse fell down it was like the woman giving birth and this reminded Hans of the anxiety caused by the birth of his sister.

Year Hans Age Event 1903 Hans born 1906 3 – 3 ½ First incidents of playing with “widdler” reported. Castration threat by mother Little sister born 1907 3 ¾ First dreams about being the daddy 4 ½ Visit to grandmother’s house where he learned the white horse may bite if touched. 1908 Falling horse incident 5 Recovery and end of analysis

B. Hans – fantasies and dreams 1. The dream about giraffes a. Hans told his father that he dreamt of a big giraffe and a crumpled one. b. In the dream Hans took the crumpled one from the big one, but the big one complained. After the big one stopped complaining Hans sat on the crumpled one. c. Hans dad interpreted the dream in the following way: i. The big giraffe represented the father or his penis ii. The crumpled giraffe represented the mother or her genitals iii. Represents his morning ritual of coming into the bed with mom and dad with dad protesting that mom should not allow this.

3. Pregnancy fears a. After the arrival of his sister Hans was curious about where babies come from – his parents told him the stork brings them b. Hans didn’t believe this – he saw mother’s swollen belly as similar to his when he had to defecate. Giving birth must be pleasurable like the pleasure he had in going the bathroom. 4. He also had ongoing fantasies where he fathered children with mommy and daddy became the grandfather. – Because dad is still in the picture Freud saw this as identification “Daddy, I though something: I was in the bath and then the plumber came and unscrewed it. Then he took a big borer and stuck it into my stomach” This is seen as a fantasy about becoming pregnant The “big borer” represents the father’s penis impregnating the mother Later he had a similar fantasy reporting: “The plumber came and first he took away my behind with a pair of pincers and then gave he another, and then the same with my widdler. Upon questioning from the father Hans revealed that the plumber gave him a bigger behind and penis like his father had.

CUE 5: List 3 facts that you believe support Freud’s belief that Hans was in the phallic stage of development. CUE 6: What do you think the two giraffes represent? CUE 7:Use one of the dreams to support the Freud’s belief that Hans was in the phallic stage Cue 8: In this study Hans is asked, “when the horse fell down, did you think of your daddy?” a. Give one problem with this type of question. b. How did Freud interpret the fear of the horse?

Case Studies An in-depth investigation of a single person, group, or event Data is typically gathered observationally Data is analyzed using different theories. Continued for an extended period of time (longitudinal)

Case Studies Provides detailed (rich qualitative) information. STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Provides detailed (rich qualitative) information. Provides insight for further research. Permitting investigation of otherwise impractical (or unethical) situations. Can’t generalize the results to the wider population. Researchers' own subjective feeling may influence the case study (researcher bias). Difficult to replicate. Time consuming.

V. The Discussion A. Support for his theory 1. Critiques a. 1st criticism – If Hans was abnormal (he was in treatment for phobias) then you can’t draw conclusions about healthy kids from Hans b. 2nd criticism. The analysis was conducted by his father and thus was biased. 2. Freud’s response – a. Neuroses in early childhood ARE NORMAL b. Even if the father sometimes asked leading questions they were still Hans’ answers and the close relationship allowed for more revealing answers.

B. Understanding phobias 3. Freud sees multiple levels of support for his theory a. Hans interest in his widdler b. His interest in his mother supports the Oedipal idea c. His death wishes against his sister/father d. The insight provided relief of the phobia. Freud believed that psychoanalysis did not lend itself to scientific study Therefore the proof lay in the fact that the therapy worked. B. Understanding phobias 1. Freud believed that phobias were due to repressed anxieties – this case fit the theory well. 2. Freud believed that this anxiety and type of phobias were normal so psychoanalysis might be appropriate for many children

VI. Evaluating the study A. Critique by other theorist 1. Eric Fromm claims it was more a fear of the mother than the father a. Mother threatened castration b. Mother gave birth to Hanna, a form of betrayal 2. John Bowlby believes it has to do with attachment issues a. Mom threatens to leave Hans b. Bowlby believes that Hans has insecure (anxious subtype) attachment. c. He experiences separation anxiety 3. Behaviorist see this as an example of classical conditioning (John Watson)

B. Other weaknesses 1. Methodological 2. Bias – a. What are the +/- of case studies b. What are the +/- of longitudinal studies c. What are the +/- of using children d. What are the +/- of collecting qualitative data c. Father was an adherent of Freud and mother was a former client. 2. Bias – a. Ethnocentric in that not all family units consist of mother, father and child (children). b. Androgenic in that he focuses on males. He also believes girls develop penis envy

Cue 9: Freud used a longitudinal method discuss one strength and one weakness of this method using Freud’s study as an example [4] Cue 10 Freud studied a young child what are the advantages and disadvantages of studying children [4]

Homework Research the case study method as used in psychology. Record the strengths and weaknesses. Do this by going to www.aicepsych.com and watching videos 2 & 3.

Paper 2 Evaluation a.) Describe one aim of the developmental approach. b.) Outline how Freud utilized the case study method in his work with “Little Hans” c.) From the study by Freud on Little Hans, evaluate the case study method as conducted by Freud.