1 OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE Nonprofit Management Principles and Practice College of Public and Community Service University of Massachusetts at Boston ©2010 William Holmes

2 STYLES OF MANAGEMENT  Top Down--directive  Bottom Up--participatory  Collaborative--teamwork  Rule Based—employee manual  Strategic—goal organized  Laissez-faire—self-defined

3 TOP DOWN MANAGEMENT  Provides control  Keeps administrators informed  Consistent policies  Risk of authoritarianism  Risk of inconsistent behavior  Promotes dependence on supervision

4 BOTTOM UP MANAGMENT  Consensus building  Employee ownership of activity  More employee job satisfaction  Decision-making longer  Optimal course may not be chosen  Requires well-trained workforce

5 COLLABORATIVE MANAGEMENT  Coordinated activity  Knowledge shared  Mutual help  Needs conflict resolution skills  Needs shared vision and goals  Abusive laziness may occur

6 RULE BASED MANAGEMENT  Clear procedures  Consistent procedures  Known consequences  Rules are incomplete  Rules may be inconsistent  Rules may not support goals

7 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT  Shared vision  Known goals  Focused work effort  Overlooked goals  Requires consensus  Must know strengths and weaknesses

8 STRATEGIC SWOT ANALYSIS

9 LAISSEZ-FAIRE MANAGEMENT  Employees self-directed  Employee ownership of activity  Flexibility  Uncoordinated activity  Poor accountability  Unfocussed activity