Programming Languages

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Presentation transcript:

Programming Languages Chapter 5

What is “Programming” Writing source code and turning it into a sequence of machine language instructions that the computer can execute.

“Generations” of Programming Languages

“Generations” of Programming Languages First Generation Machine language Second Generation Assembly language Third Generation “High-level” languages such as Pascal, C, COBOL, Fortran Fourth Generation Scripting languages such as SQL, Applescript, VBScript Fifth Generation? Natural language? Automatic code generation? Object-oriented languages?

Four types of programming languages Functional Lisp, ML, Scheme Good for evaluating expressions. Declarative Prolog Good for making logical inferences. Imperative C, Pascal, Fortran, COBOL Good at performing calculations, implementing algorithms. Object-oriented C++, Java, C#, Visual Basic Much like imperative languages, but have support for “communication” among objects.

History of Programming Languages

Integrated Development Environments Source-code editor Source-code management Compiler Interactive debugger

Visual Basic IDE

Visual C++ IDE

“Variables”

While loop control structure

For-loop control structure

If conditional control structure

Case conditional control structure