Features and Organization TEACHING TEXT STRUCTURE

 Why is it important that readers can recognize and understand text structures? (Besides that it’s on the state assessment!) WHY TEXT STRUCTURE?

PENCILS DOWN! ANALYZE THE FOLLOWING IMAGE. You will be asked to reproduce this in a moment …

YOU HAVE ONE MINUTE TO DRAW!!

 Which picture was easier to recall and draw?  Why? REFLECT AND DISCUSS

TRY TO REMEMBER THIS NUMBER!

WRITE THE NUMBER FROM MEMORY!

LET’S TRY AGAIN BUT THINK...  American Revolution/ Declaration of Independence  Minutes/hours/days  Emergency

 What does this have to do with READING? WELL…

The better a reader understands text structures, the higher the comprehension.

Understanding text structures is the KEY to unlocking expository text!!

How information in a passage is organized We will study six common patterns:  Chronological  Cause and Effect  Compare and Contrast  Problem and Solution  Sequence / Process  Spatial / Descriptive WHAT IS TEXT STRUCTURE?

Information is organized in order of time. Chrono = timeLogic = order Example CHRONOLOGICAL Jack and Jill ran up the hill to fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown. Jill came tumbling after. ALL stories are told chronologically.

CHRONOLOGICAL Moved Away Met Girl Fell in Love Born in 1882 Married in 1906 Died in 1948

An action and its results are explained. CAUSE AND EFFECT Students did not learn the material. They performed poorly on the test. CauseEffect Don’t confuse with chronological. Won’t have a beginning, middle, and end.

Explains reasons why something happened. CAUSE AND EFFECT Not feeding it. Not petting it. Not loving it. why the dog ran away Lots of Karate Movies in 60’s Many Karate Schools Opened. Nunchuck sales Increased 400% Hospital cases went up.

Tells how two things are similar and different. COMPARE AND CONTRAST Apples & Oranges AlikeDifferent 1. Both are fruits. 2. Both have skin. 1. People don’t eat orange skins. 2. Oranges have more juice.

Compare = find Contrast = find similarities differences Shows what’s in common and what’s different. COMPARE AND CONTRAST CountryCity buildings trees bears tractor limo

4. Flip omelet. 3. Cook on one side. 2. Add cheese. Information is listed step-by-step. Explains how to do it or how it happens. SEQUENCE / PROCESS WRITING 1. Crack a few eggs. Don’t confuse with chronological! Does not occur at a specific time.

Steps described in the order they occur. SEQUENCE / ORDER OF IMPORTANCE Put on Shoe Make Two Loops Tie Loops Together Tighten Laces Get bread Open jars Spread peanut butter Spread jelly Combine slices Enjoy. Does not take place at any specific point in time.

1.Ask, “what is the author doing in this paragraph?” Put it in your own words. 2.Have a hunch? Use the graphic organizer to see if the info fits. 3.Look for signal words. TIPS TO IDENTIFY

1.Read the paragraph 2.Identify the text structure 3.Write it down. PRACTICE

Football and baseball are two of the most popular sports in the country. They have many things in common. For one, they are both team sports, and they both require players to advance to an end or “home” point on the playing field. However, football requires players to carry the ball to the end zone, whereas in baseball, it is the defending team that controls the ball while it is in play. POPULAR SPORTS ANSWER: COMPARE AND CONTRAST

Pop out (remove) the egg yolks to a small bowl and mash with a fork. Add mayonnaise, mustard powder, vinegar, salt and pepper and mix thoroughly. Fill the empty egg white shells with the mixture and sprinkle lightly with paprika. Cover lightly with plastic wrap and refrigerate for up to one day before serving. DEVILED EGGS ANSWER: SEQUENCE

1.Plug in the lamp. 2.Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide. 3.Adjust the mirror so it reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. 4.Place your slide with the specimen directly over the center of the glass circle on the stage. 5.With the LOW POWER objective lens placed over the slide, use the coarse focus knob. 6.Look through the eyepiece with one eye while closing the other eye. 7.Use the fine focus knob to fine HOW TO USE THE MICROSCOPE ANSWER: SEQUENCE

After a long day at school, I came home and watched “Cops,” my favorite show. During the commercial breaks, I got up and made a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. I took the bread out of the cabinet, spread the jelly and peanut butter on the bread, and stuck the two pieces together. I enjoyed that sandwich as I watched the rest of “Cops.” PEANUT BUTTER AND JELLY ANSWER: CHRONOLOGICAL

In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth’s population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museum. For many people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities. CITY GROWTH ANSWER: CAUSE AND EFFECT

 QUESTIONS? THANK YOU