CS 3724 Claims and Scenarios Dr. Scott McCrickard McBryde 626

Scenarios and Claims Scenarios convey what actors are like, what forces influence their behavior Scenarios convey what actors are like, what forces influence their behavior Claims elaborate on scenarios, explaining how and why a feature has impacts Claims elaborate on scenarios, explaining how and why a feature has impacts Claims analysis documents why scenarios were written by isolating the most important features Claims analysis documents why scenarios were written by isolating the most important features These are your data structures! These are your data structures!

Scenarios in UE: A Simple Example A student, Akbar, is working on a research paper in the lab. While working on the paper, he wishes to be informed of happenings in his community. Akbar uses the Notification Collage (NC), running on a second monitor, to inform him of such information with occasional glances. When shuffling through items on the NC, he sees that a project partner has found information of immediate relevance. Fortunate to learn this, Akbar includes the information in his paper, finishing early. A scenario describing a situation:

An Associated Claim Feature: Organizing information using the collage metaphor IRC rating: 0.5,0.3,0.6 + allows users to informally post information According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones” suggesting that reaction is increased as users quickly view new items with comprehension increased as users gain an understanding of how old/inapplicable an item is based on position. - BUT overlapping items may force users to shuffle through them According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones. More unusually, old items ‘bubble up’ towards the surface” suggesting that interruption is increased as users puzzle over items’ age, and comprehension is decreased with partially obscured items seen only when shuffling. Maintaining awareness of group information on public displays using the collage metaphor

Elements of a Claim Feature: Organizing information using the collage metaphor IRC rating: 0.5,0.3,0.6 + allows users to informally post information According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones” suggesting that reaction is increased as users quickly view new items with comprehension increased as users gain an understanding of how old/inapplicable an item is based on position. - BUT overlapping items may force users to shuffle through them According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones. More unusually, old items ‘bubble up’ towards the surface” suggesting that interruption is increased as users puzzle over items’ age, and comprehension is decreased with partially obscured items seen only when shuffling. Maintaining awareness of group information on public displays using the collage metaphor TITLE FEATURE UPSIDES & DOWNSIDES RATIONALE RATING REFERENCE

Features Explained Title describes the claim’s nature and domain Title describes the claim’s nature and domain Feature is an artifact or element to be described Feature is an artifact or element to be described Upsides & downsides capture interesting positive and negative elements of the claim feature Upsides & downsides capture interesting positive and negative elements of the claim feature Rationale explains where each claim came from Rationale explains where each claim came from References cite publications used to derive the rationale References cite publications used to derive the rationale Scenario provides context for the claim Scenario provides context for the claim Rating reflects the contributions of the claim on accepted metrics within the domain Rating reflects the contributions of the claim on accepted metrics within the domain But how do we calculate a rating? What are the “accepted” metrics? And what is the domain of interest?

The Domain: Notification Systems Notification Systems Phidgets vehicle navigation systems multiple displays multiple windows wearabledisplays PDAs large screen displays

More Notification Systems weatherbug ePoster BonziBUDDY ESPN’s BottomLine klipfolio Ambient Fixtures More phidgets Scope Sideshow Info art

Defining Notification Systems Notification systems are interfaces that Notification systems are interfaces that provide reaction to and comprehension of valued information in an efficient and effective manner without introducing unwanted interruption to a primary taskprovide reaction to and comprehension of valued information in an efficient and effective manner without introducing unwanted interruption to a primary task are used in any divided-attention, multitasking situationare used in any divided-attention, multitasking situation primary task & notification/secondary task primary task & notification/secondary task Notification systems are not Notification systems are not used in extended periods of concentration in an orderly, predictable task-action flowused in extended periods of concentration in an orderly, predictable task-action flow exclusively desktop interfacesexclusively desktop interfaces

Notification Systems Metrics Our definitions-- Interruption : intentional and inherently useful reallocation of attention from a primary task to a notification Interruption : intentional and inherently useful reallocation of attention from a primary task to a notification Reaction : immediate response resulting from a notification stimuli—with or without a shift of attention Reaction : immediate response resulting from a notification stimuli—with or without a shift of attention Comprehension : information is made sense of, related to existing knowledge, and stored in long term memory for future use Comprehension : information is made sense of, related to existing knowledge, and stored in long term memory for future use

IRC Ratings An IRC rating— An IRC rating— describes goals relating to:describes goals relating to: interruption level of a notification interruption level of a notification immediate reaction to notifications immediate reaction to notifications long term or deeper comprehension from notifications long term or deeper comprehension from notifications annotated as:annotated as: low=0, high=1, with values in between in I, R, C order low=0, high=1, with values in between in I, R, C order therefore, a design model of “0/.5/1” would be intended support for “low interruption, moderate reaction, high comprehension” therefore, a design model of “0/.5/1” would be intended support for “low interruption, moderate reaction, high comprehension”

Intutively, What Is It? weatherbug ePoster BonziBUDDY ESPN’s BottomLine klipfolio Ambient Fixtures More phidgets Scope Sideshow Info art

But How Do We Calculate It? Easy! Use LINK-UP! Easy! Use LINK-UP! LINK-UP includes a tool for entering claims, including calculating IRC ratingsLINK-UP includes a tool for entering claims, including calculating IRC ratings Answer a series of questions, and an IRC rating is calculated automaticallyAnswer a series of questions, and an IRC rating is calculated automatically Not so fast, though… Not so fast, though… Everything has to match: scenario, upsides/downsides, rationale, paper contents, IRC ratingsEverything has to match: scenario, upsides/downsides, rationale, paper contents, IRC ratings The secret: iterate! Read paper, highlight possible features and rationale, group into upsides/downsides for each feature, match rationale, calculate IRC, reconsider upsides, look for additional rationale in paper, …The secret: iterate! Read paper, highlight possible features and rationale, group into upsides/downsides for each feature, match rationale, calculate IRC, reconsider upsides, look for additional rationale in paper, …

LINK-UP

IRC Wizard

Revisiting the Claim Feature: Organizing information using the collage metaphor IRC rating: 0.5,0.3,0.6 + allows users to informally post information According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones” suggesting that reaction is increased as users quickly view new items with comprehension increased as users gain an understanding of how old/inapplicable an item is based on position. - BUT overlapping items may force users to shuffle through them According to (Greenberg & Rounding 2001), “New collage items are always placed on top. As the number of posted items increases, new elements cover old ones. More unusually, old items ‘bubble up’ towards the surface” suggesting that interruption is increased as users puzzle over items’ age, and comprehension is decreased with partially obscured items seen only when shuffling. Maintaining awareness of group information on public displays using the collage metaphor

Revisiting the Scenario A student, Akbar, is working on a research paper in the lab. While working on the paper, he wishes to be informed of happenings in his community. Akbar uses the Notification Collage (NC), running on a second monitor, to inform him of such information with occasional glances. When shuffling through items on the NC, he sees that a project partner has found information of immediate relevance. Fortunate to learn this, Akbar includes the information in his paper, finishing early. A scenario describing a situation:

HW 1 Spec Overview 1. Select a paper by Friday at noon (list will be posted to a Blackboard discussion group by 9pm tonight—to sign up, post a follow-up message to the paper you want (note: one person per paper!). 2. Construct a claim from the paper. Use the guidelines in the homework spec and today’s lecture. 3. Enter the claim into LINK-UP. Instructions for using LINK-UP are in the homework spec. Your login is your PID and your password is your student ID number. 4. Follow up to your Blackboard signup with the title of the claim (so that the GTAs can find it in the system and distinguish it from incomplete claims you may have written for practice).