Central Dogma DNA Nucleus Ribosome Translation Transcription Protein RNA HAPPY TUESDAY Fill in the blanks 1. 4. 5. 2. 3.

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Central Dogma DNA Nucleus Ribosome Translation Transcription Protein RNA HAPPY TUESDAY Fill in the blanks

Central Dogma DNA Nucleus Ribosome Translation Transcription Protein RNA Remember this from yesterday??

Standard: explain the purpose and process of…translation Essential Question: What is translation and what is its purpose?

Central Dogma DNA Nucleus Ribosome Translation Transcription Protein RNA Remember this from yesterday??

Translation Intro

Central Dogma Analogy DNA = master copy of building plans mRNA= blueprint for one room of building Protein= actual bricks that make up the building Nucleus = boss’ office Ribosome = job site (where the building is actually built)

Translation: The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain occurs on a ribosome (OUTSIDE the nucleus)

Steps: 1.mRNA travels to the ribosome 2.transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome 3.polypeptide (protein) is formed

How does tRNA know which amino acid to bring?

Codon: three consecutive mRNA bases tRNA looks for the codon that pairs with its anticodon the ribosome takes the amino acid and attaches it to the polypeptide chain Anticodon: three complementary tRNA bases

ORDER MATTERS! order of DNA bases  order of RNA bases  order of amino acids  what protein is made tRNA mRNA Amino acids

How to use the Codon Chart: 1.Use the left side to find the first letter in the codon 2.Use the top to find the second letter in the codon 3.Use the right side to find the third letter of the codon 4.Go to where ALL three overlap on the chart

Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis.

How to use the Codon Wheel: 1.Begin in the middle with the first letter of the codon 2.Go outward to the second letter in the codon 3.Go outward again to the third letter in the codon.

What other codons will tell the ribosome to stop putting amino acids together? What DNA sequences will give you these codes?

Codon Bingo! Directions For Playing: If a codon (example: AAG) is called out, you must find the amino acid. If an amino acid (example: serine) is called out, you must find the codon. Hint! When finding a codon, there may be more than one answer…you can count all possible answers on your card!