3  Lungs ( gas exchange)  Gastrointestinal tract (absorption and elimination)  Kidneys (balance of water and electrolytes)  Skin ( exchange of water and electrolytes and exchange of heat)  Lungs ( gas exchange)  Gastrointestinal tract (absorption and elimination)  Kidneys (balance of water and electrolytes)  Skin ( exchange of water and electrolytes and exchange of heat)

4  Lymphatic Circulation is associated with both ones High pressure system Low pressure system Low pressure system

6 Distribution of blood to the different regions of the body determined by: 1. Cardiac output 2.Contractile state of the arterioles Distribution of blood to the different regions of the body determined by: 1. Cardiac output 2.Contractile state of the arterioles

7  Heart  Secretion of hormones (atrial natriuretic peptide)  Regulation of the release of other hormones (Like ADH)  Vessels  Secretion of hormones (Nitric oxide [NO], Enditheilin-1[ET-1] and prostacyclin[PGI 2 ])  Inflammatory responses  Heart  Secretion of hormones (atrial natriuretic peptide)  Regulation of the release of other hormones (Like ADH)  Vessels  Secretion of hormones (Nitric oxide [NO], Enditheilin-1[ET-1] and prostacyclin[PGI 2 ])  Inflammatory responses

8  Adaptation: ◦ During exercises ◦ During change position  Adaptation: ◦ During exercises ◦ During change position Neuronal Reflexes are rapid, short-acting mechanism Hormonal Reflexes are slow, long-acting mechanism Neuronal Reflexes are rapid, short-acting mechanism Hormonal Reflexes are slow, long-acting mechanism