1. connect (v): come or bring together; join The two towns are connected by a railway. connect---- with: 使有联系，联想 connect Dalian with the sea 提到大连就想到海 She is connected with a noble family. People connect Vienna with waltzes and coffee-houses.

2. exchange (v) exchange A for B He exchanged the blue sweater for a red one. exchange sth. with sb. 他把蓝毛衣换成了红的。 Could you exchange the seat with me? 能和我换下座位吗？ Could you exchange the seat, which faces to south with me?

3. establish (v) The university was established 100 years ago. 这所大学创建于 100 年前。 establish a close relationship with sb. The university,from which I graduated,was established 100 years ago.

4. focus--- on (v): concentrate on, fix on Please focus your mind on the following problems. I’m so tired today that I can’t focus on anything today. Students are expected to focus on study. 我今天很累，精神集中不起来。 学生应该把思想集中在学习上。 Focus your camera on those trees. focus (n) She, in brightly-colored clothes, immediately became the focus of attention when she came in.

5. come into being : begin to exist When did the world come into being? 6. lay a/ the foundation(s) for/ of-- 他英语学得好, 这为他在英国进修打下了坚实的基础. He learned English well, which laid a solid foundation for his further study in Britain. 他的勤劳奠定了成功的基础. His hard work laid the foundations for/of his success.

7. struggle (v): try to overcome difficulties struggle---for: 为 --- 努力, 奋斗 He has been struggling for success in his business. struggle---with/against 为使事业成功, 他一直在努力奋斗着. He has been struggling with (against ) illness for many years. 他与疾病奋斗了多年.

8. propose (v): to offer or put forward sth, to suggest He proposed a new system of education. propose doing: 提议, 建议 propose to do 打算做 I propose holding a party for New Year’s Day. He proposes to buy a new car. proposal (n) : make a proposal for peace My proposal is that we (should ) have a picnic this weekend.

9. revise (v) : re-examine sth to correct or improve it I revised my opinion after I read the book. 读了那本书后, 我改正了原有的想法. 这字典已经全面修订. The dictionary has been completely revised. reviser (n) 校对员 revision (n) 复习

10. result in : bring about, cause, lead to His carelessness resulted in his failure. 他的粗心导致了他的失败. result from: 由 ---- 产生 The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness. 这次可怕的意外因他的大意引起.

12. function (v): to work, operate The machine isn’t functioning properly. the function of education function (n) 11. browse (v.) : go through browser (n.) browse around One of my father’s hobbies is to browse through the bookstores. 逛书店是我父亲的嗜好之一.

13. graduate students 大学 毕业生, 研究生 graduate---- from You will graduate from Jinling High School in three years. 14. create (v.) 创造 creation (n.) creative (a.) Shakespeare created many famous characters. 15. pleasing (a.) 令人愉快的, 合意的 = pleasant The news was very pleasing to us. It’s a pleasant / pleasing surprise. pleased (a.) : be pleased with / be pleased to do She was pleased with her new room.

16. simplify (v): make simple or simpler Try to simplify your explanation to the students. 17. in search of 寻找 = searching for 他们出发去寻找失踪的女孩了. They set out in search of the missing girl. They set out to search for the missing girl. Birds fly south in search of winter sun. search for : 搜查, 探究 search after : 探索, 寻找 search into a matter 调查一件事

18. enable (v): enable sb.to do sth. 使能够, 使成为可能, 使实现 We should enable every student to develop in all aspects. 19. effect (n.) 效果 affect (v.) 影响 be able to do sth.(a.) 有能力的, 能干的, 能, 会 He has been able to read and write since he was three. effective (a.) 有效的, 生效的 an effective method 有效的方法 efficient 有效的, 用于人时是 : 办事效率高的, 有能力的. 用于物时是有效的, 效率高的. an efficient secretary 干练的秘书

20. influence (n): come or bring together; join the influence of the parents on their children. have a good, bad, harmful influence on sb. The book had a great influence on his life. influence (v.) What influenced you to do it? 这本书对他的一生有很大的影响. 你受了什么影响去做那件事 ?