Language Arts The Eight Parts of Speech The Eight Parts of Speech ©2012HappyEdugator

Eight Parts of Speech Nouns Interjections Verbs Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions Adjectives Pronouns ©2012HappyEdugator

a word that states a word that states b A b A Person b An b An Idea or Emotion b A b A Thing Place ©2012HappyEdugator

Concrete Nouns Concrete nouns: You can experience this group of nouns with your five senses: You see them, hear them, smell them, taste them, and feel them.

Abstract Nouns You cannot experience abstract nouns with your senses. Read this example: She tried to imagine what Daniel would do in a similar situation. What color is situation? You don't know because you cannot see it. What texture is situation ? Who knows? You cannot touch it. What flavor is situation? No clue! You cannot taste it! Does it make a sound? Of course not! Does it smell? Not a bit!

Kinds of Nouns ©2012HappyEdugator

Practice - NOUNS Answer the following questions about nouns: 1.A noun is a person, place, thing, or __________. 2._________ nouns can be experienced using your five senses. 3._________ nouns are only ideas and cannot be experienced with your senses. 4.Nouns that name general things are called ________________. 5.Nouns that name specific things are called ______________ and always begin with a ___________.

Practice - NOUNS (KEY) Answer the following questions about nouns: 1.A noun is a person, place, thing, or __idea___. 2._Concrete__ nouns can be experienced using your five senses. 3._Abstract_ nouns are only ideas and cannot be experienced with your senses. 4.Nouns that name general things are called _common nouns___. 5.Nouns that name specific things are called _proper nouns_ and always begin with a _capital letter_.

A word that expresses action or otherwise helps to make a statement – indicating a state of being Linking Subject predicate “be” verbs ©2012HappyEdugator

Forms of “To Be” I am You are He/ She/It is They are I was You were He/ She/It was They were Recognize them and try to avoid overusing them in your writing! ©2012HappyEdugator

Every sentence must have a subject and Every sentence must must have a subject and aa ©2012HappyEdugator

b Action verbs express mental or physical action. Something is being done by someone or something. Paul Revere rode his horse to warn the colonists. Action Verbs Action Verbs ©2012HappyEdugator

Linking Verbs Linking Verbs b Linking verbs make a statement by connecting the subject with a word that describes or explains it. He has been sick. ©2012HappyEdugator

Practice - VERBS Answer the following questions about verbs: 1.A verb is a word that expresses __________ or indicates a _________________. 2._________ verbs express a physical or mental action. 3._________ verbs connect a subject to a word describing it. 4.You should not overuse _______ verbs in writing. 5.Every sentence must have a ___________.

Practice - VERBS (Key) Answer the following questions about verbs: 1.A verb is a word that expresses _action___ or indicates a _a state of being__. 2._Action__ verbs express a physical or mental action. 3._Linking_ verbs connect a subject to a word describing it. 4.You should not overuse _”to be”_ verbs in writing. 5.Every sentence must have a _verb__.

The pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns. It may substitute for a person, place, thing, or idea. The pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns. It may substitute for a person, place, thing, or idea. Personal Pronouns- stand for people I, me, mine you, your, yours she, her, hers, it, its we, us, our, ours they, them, their, theirs myself yourself Indefinite Pronouns – aren’t specific anybody each either none someone, one, etc. Interrogative Pronouns – ask questions who whom what which whose Demonstrative Pronouns – point out particular things this that these those ©2012HappyEdugator

Pronouns must agree with their antecedent! (in gender and in number) Pronouns must agree with their antecedent! (in gender and in number) Antecedents are the words the pronouns are representing Janet went to the park, and she had fun. John likes rock music. He listens to it loud. ©2012HappyEdugator

Practice - PRONOUNS Answer the following questions about pronouns: 1.A pronoun is a word that ________ for a _______. 2._________ pronouns point out particular things. 3.______________ pronouns ask questions. 4. ______________ pronouns refer to people. 5.A pronoun that isn’t specific is ______________. 6.Pronouns must always agree with their _________________.

Practice - PRONOUNS (Key) Answer the following questions about pronouns: 1.A pronoun is a word that _substitutes_ for a _noun_. 2._Demonstrative_ pronouns point out particular things. 3._Interrogative_ pronouns ask questions. 4. _Personal__ pronouns refer to people. 5.A pronoun that isn’t specific is _indefinite__. 6.Pronouns must always agree with their __antecedents__.

Modifies (or describes) a noun or pronoun. Is that a wool uniform? There are five branches on that bush. Did you find your mechanical pencil? Answers these questions: ©2012HappyEdugator The words “a,” “an,” and “the” are special adjectives called articles.

Modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Answers the questions: How? Bob ran quickly. Sue left yesterday. When? We went there. Where? It was too cold! To what degree or how much? ©2012HappyEdugator

Interrogative Adverbs introduce questions How did you break your arm? When does your flight leave? How often do you exercise? Where did you put the keys to my car? ©2012HappyEdugator

A preposition introduces a noun or pronoun, or a phrase or clause functioning in the sentence as a noun. The word or word group that the preposition introduces is its object of the preposition. Together they make prepositional phrases. They received a postcard from Barry telling about his cruise to Alaska. ©2012HappyEdugator

The preposition never stands alone ! preposition noun pronoun object of preposition object can have more than one object object can have modifiers You can’t see the dirt under the carpet. Her text message to Ali and Raven brought good news. It occurred during the last hurricane. ©2012HappyEdugator

Common Prepositions aboard about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath beside between beyond by down during except for from in into like of off on over past since through throughout to toward under underneath until up upon with within without ©2012HappyEdugator

Prepositional Phrases Always Begin With a Preposition Examples: Aboard the boat About the house Above the ground Across the street After the storm Against the wind Along the highway Around the block At the circus Before the dawn Think of the song… Over the river and Through the woods To Grandmother’s House We go… The lines in red are prepositional phrases! ©2012HappyEdugator

Practice - PREPOSITIONS Answer the following questions about prepositions: 1.An preposition is a word that introduces a _______ or a ___________. 2.The word or group of words the preposition introduces is called the __________________ 3.A prepositional phrase is composed of a _________ and a _______________. 4.Prepositions never ________ _________. 5.Prepositional phrases always start with a _______.

Practice - PREPOSITIONS (Key) Answer the following questions about prepositions: 1.An preposition is a word that introduces a _noun__ or a __pronoun__. 2.The word or group of words the preposition introduces is called the _object of the preposition___. 3.A prepositional phrase is composed of a _preposition_ and an _object of the preposition_. 4.Prepositions never _stand_ _alone__. 5.Prepositional phrases always start with a _preposition_.

The Conjunction A conjunction is a word that joins words or groups of words. and or but either/or neither/nor ©2012HappyEdugator

Two Kinds of Conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions and Subordinating conjunctions ©2012HappyEdugator

FOR - is to introduce the reason for the preceding clause AND - joins two similar ideas together NOR - The conjunction nor is not extinct, but it is not used nearly as often as the other conjunctions. Its most common use is as the little brother in the correlative pair, neither-nor BUT - joins two contrasting ideas together OR - joins two alternative ideas YET - is very similar to 'but' as it also joins two contrasting ideas together SO - shows that the second idea is the result of the first ©2012HappyEdugator

for and nor but or yet so An easy way to remember… ©2012HappyEdugator

A subordinating conjunction joins a subordinate clause to a main clause (remember – a clause has a subject and a verb, a phrase does not) Here is a list of the most common subordinating conjunctions: after although as as if as long as as though because before even if even though if if only in order that now that once rather than since so that than that though till unless until when whenever where whereas wherever while

A subordinating conjunction joins a subordinate clause to a main clause (remember – a clause has a subject and a verb, a phrase does not) When you join a subordinate (or dependent clause) to a main clause (or independent clause) you create a complex sentence! Knowing subordinate conjunctions will help you identify complex sentences! Example: Although I thought it was impossible, I got an A on the test.

Practice - CONJUNCTIONS Answer the following questions about conjunctions: 1.A conjunction is a word that ______ words or groups of words. 2.____________ conjunctions are often used to join compound sentences. 3._____________ is an easy way to remember the coordinating conjunctions. 4. _____________ conjunctions join __________ clauses to main clauses. 5.Joining clauses with subordinate conjunctions creates ___________ sentences.

Practice - CONJUNCTIONS (Key) Answer the following questions about conjunctions: 1.A conjunction is a word that _joins_ words or groups of words. 2._Coordinating_ conjunctions are often used to join compound sentences. 3.__FANBOYS__ is an easy way to remember the coordinating conjunctions. 4. __Subordinating__ conjunctions join _subordinate___ clauses to main clauses. 5.Joining clauses with subordinate conjunctions creates __complex_ sentences.

The Interjection is an exclamatory word that expresses EMOTION! Oh! What a cute baby! Wow! Look at that sunset!

INTERJECTIONS CAN STAND ALONE WITH PUNCTUATION b An interjection shows strong emotion or surprise. Examples of interjections used in sentences: b Shh, we are in the library! Or b Oh, no! I forgot my homework. b It is important to notice that interjections usually ends with an exclamation point or a comma. WOW!

Examples of Interjections Using interjections can add flavor to your writing. Just don’t overdo it! With all things, moderation is key.

Watch the video on Interjections – Click the link! b php?video_id= php?video_id= php?video_id=159691

MORE ABOUT INTERJECTIONS MORE ABOUT INTERJECTIONS b Interjections are often placed at the beginning of a sentence. b The isolated usage of an interjection does not represent a complete sentence. b The isolated usage of an interjection does not represent a complete sentence. b They are not grammatically connected to the rest of the sentence. Click on the link below for some examples and a short video clip. b revolution.com/list-of-interjections.html revolution.com/list-of-interjections.html revolution.com/list-of-interjections.html

Practice - INTERJECTIONS Answer the following questions about interjections: 1.An interjection is a word that expresses ________. 2.Interjections with strong feeling are punctuated with an ____________ _______ and stand alone. 3.When the feeling is not as strong, an interjection is punctuated with a ________ and remains in the sentence. 4. Interjections are not ___________ connected to the rest of the sentence. 5.Using interjections can add ________ to your writing as long as they are used in ____________.

Practice - INTERJECTIONS (Key) Answer the following questions about interjections: 1.An interjection is a word that expresses _emotion_. 2.Interjections with strong feeling are punctuated with an _exclamation _ _point_ and stand alone. 3.When the feeling is not as strong, an interjection is punctuated with a _comma_ and remains in the sentence. 4. Interjections are not _grammatically_ connected to the rest of the sentence. 5.Using interjections can add _flavor_ to your writing as long as they are used in _moderation_.

Remember… The part of speech is dependent on how a word functions in a sentence. Some words can perform as different parts of speech, depending on how they are used.

The END