Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Personality Sixth edition Chapter 5 Biological Aspects of Personality

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Modules (1 of 2) Introduction: Biological Aspects of Personality 5.1: Direct Genetic Effects 5.2: Genetic Effects through Temperament 5.3: Twins as a Source of Data 5.4: Sexual Identity and Sexual Orientation 5.5: Mediated Effects of Biology 5.6: Effects from Creation of Environments

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Modules (2 of 2) 5.7: Effects from Reactions of Others 5.8: Sociobiology 5.9: Darwinism and Social Darwinism Conclusion: Biological Aspects of Personality

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives (1 of 2) 5.1: Recognize Charles Darwin's theory of evolution 5.2: Examine the four basic aspects of temperament 5.3: Analyze the study of twins as a method to discover the genetic influences on personality 5.4: Report various aspects of identity and sexuality 5.5: Examine the effects of different diseases to understand psychology

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives (2 of 2) 5.6: Scrutinize how the environment affects our personality 5.7: Scrutinize the physical attractiveness stereotype 5.8: Examine the theory of sociobiology 5.9: Analyze Darwin's 'survival of the fittest" theory and decipher its true meaning

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Introduction: Biological Aspects of Personality −Self-fulfillment through proper rearing and hard work −Biological responses −Effects of biology on personality −Effects of heredity on personality

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Recognize Charles Darwin's theory of evolution −Charles Darwin −Anatomical relations between humans and primates 5.1: Direct Genetic Effects

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.1.1: Natural Selection and Functionalism −Natural selection −Examples of functionalism −Evolutionary personality theory

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.1.2: Angelman Syndrome −Overview −Afflictions

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.1.3: Behavioral Genomics −Human genome −Behavioral genomics

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Examine the four basic aspects of temperament −Pavlov’s research −Temperament 5.2: Genetic Effects through Temperament

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.2.1: Activity, Emotionality, Sociability, Impulsivity −Aspects of temperament −Measuring children’s temperament dimensions

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.2.2: Eysenck’s Model of Nervous System Temperament −Methods to explain basic temperaments −Eysenck’s work on introversion-extroversion

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.2.3: Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory −Overview −Relevant biological systems

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.2.4: Sensation Seeking and Addiction- Proneness −Sensation-seekers −Cocaine

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Analyze the study of twins as a method to discover the genetic influences on personality −Twin research −Key dimensions 5.3: Twins as a Source of Data

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.3.1: Sir Francis Galton −Overview −Flaw in belief

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.3.2: Minnesota Twin Study −Jack and Oskar −Conclusions

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.3.3: Nurture and Nonshared Environmental Variance −The Nurture Assumption −Nonshared environmental variance

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.3.4: Epigenetics −Overview −Aspects affecting personality

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.3.5: Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Depression −Schizophrenia −Bipolar disorder −Depression

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Report various aspects of identity and sexuality −Freud’s analysis −Differences between heterosexuals and homosexuals 5.4: Sexual Identity and Sexual Orientation

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.4.1: Reproductive Advantage −Kin selection −Inclusive fitness

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.4.2: Hormones and Experience −Early hormonal experiences −Factors affecting C.N.S.

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Examine the effects of different diseases to understand psychology −Vincent van Gogh −Ménière’s disease 5.5: Mediated Effects of Biology

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.5.1: Effects through Environmental Toxins −Mercury poisoning −Heavy metal neurotoxicity

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.5.2: Effects through Physical Illness −Alzheimer’s disease −Pick’s disease

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.5.3: Effects from Legal and Illegal Drugs −Drugs that affect personality −Symptoms of cocaine addiction

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Scrutinize how the environment affects our personality −Effects of biological influences −Sheldon’s somatotypology 5.6: Effects from Creation of Environments

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.6.1: Tropisms −Random intrusions of unpredictable environments −Reasons for tropisms

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Scrutinize the physical attractiveness stereotype −Impacts of physical characteristics −Stereotypes of tall and short people 5.7: Effects from Reactions of Others

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.7.1: Physical Attractiveness Stereotype −Physical attractiveness stereotype −Culturally desirable characteristics

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Examine the theory of sociobiology −Overview −Areas of application 5.8: Sociobiology

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.8.1: Cinderella Effect −Reasons −Factors for evolutionary analyses

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Objective: Analyze Darwin's ”survival of the fittest" theory and decipher its true meaning −Assumptions from ”survival of the fittest” −Types of “societies” of nonhuman animals 5.9: Darwinism and Social Darwinism

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.9.1: Culture, Nazis, and “Superior Races” −Behavioral changes in immigrant children in the United States −Inferior subhumans for Hitler

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 5.9.2: The Human Genome and Eugenics −Human genome project −Beliefs leading to genetic racism

Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Conclusion: Biological Aspects of Personality −Analogy −Advantages −Limits −Common assessment techniques −Implications for therapy