1 Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.1: The Language of Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.2: Basic Physiological Processes Lesson 1.3: How Forces Affect the Body Lesson 1.4: Understanding Science

Lesson 1.1 The Language of Anatomy and Physiology Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.1 The Language of Anatomy and Physiology

The Language of Anatomy and Physiology introducing anatomy and physiology describing the human body

Introducing Anatomy and Physiology human anatomy identify the parts of the human body gross human anatomy microscopic human anatomy human physiology how the parts of the human body function

Describing the Human Body anatomical position planes sagittal frontal transverse

Common Directional Terms

Review and Assessment True or False? 1. The frontal plane divides the body into left and right halves. 2. Proximal means closer to the trunk. 3. Lateral means away from the midline of the body.

Body Cavities dorsal (posterior) cavities ventral (anterior) cavities cranial spinal ventral (anterior) cavities thoracic abdominopelvic abdominal pelvic

Body Cavities

The Metric System meter–measures length kilogram–measures mass second–measures time Kelvin–measures temperature

Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: diaphragm, kilogram, or thoracic. 1. The heart is located in the _______________ cavity. 2. The _______________ separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. 3. The metric base unit of mass is the _______________.

Basic Physiological Processes Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.2 Basic Physiological Processes

Basic Physiological Processes structural and functional organization of the body homeostasis metabolism

With a partner Put the terms in order from microscopic to gross. Each pair gets a group of terms. We will come around and check.

Structural Organization of the Body atoms molecules cells tissues organs organ systems

As a class You will be given either a term, a function, or a group of parts. You need to find your matches. i.e. if you are given a term, then you need to find your function and your body parts. Once you have found your matches, find a teacher to check to make sure you are correct. Then take your words and put them on the board.

Human Organ Systems

Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: cardiovascular, skeletal, or urinary. 1. The _______________ system supports the body. 2. The _______________ system eliminates waste. 3. The _______________ system transports oxygen.

Homeostasis control mechanisms maintain a steady internal environment receptor control center effector Rido/Shutterstock.com

Homeostasis negative feedback positive feedback conditions exceeding a set limit in one direction trigger a negative reaction in the opposite direction positive feedback conditions cause a reaction to accelerate

Homeostatic Imbalance organ systems have a diminished ability to keep the body’s internal environment within the normal ranges

Metabolism anabolism catabolism metabolic rate big molecules made from smaller molecules catabolism big molecule broken into smaller molecules metabolic rate

Review and Assessment True or False? 1. Negative feedback mechanisms increase disruptive forces. 2. Homeostatic control mechanisms maintain a steady internal environment. 3. Anabolism breaks molecules down.

The End

How Forces Affect the Body Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.3 How Forces Affect the Body

How Forces Affect the Body basic kinetic concepts forces and injury to the human body

Basic Kinetic Concepts force push or pull mass and weight pressure force spread over an area torque twisting force

Forces and Injury to the Human Body compression squeezing force tension pulling force shear tearing apart force

Directional Force Distribution within the Body

Mechanical Stress types of stress compressive tensile shear

Combined Loads multiple forces acting at same time bending torsion off-center force torsion twisting force

The Effects of Force Application acceleration deformation elastic plastic

Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: tension, kinetics, pressure, torsion. 1. analysis of force action 2. twisting force 3. pulling force 4. force spread over an area

Understanding Science Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 1.4 Understanding Science

Understanding Science the scientific method developing scientific theories the impact of scientific research

Science creates new knowledge testable explanations testable predictions

The Scientific Method Step 1: Identifying a Research Question Step 2: Formulating One or More Hypotheses Step 3: Planning the Organization of the Study Step 4: Collecting the Data

The Scientific Method (continued) Step 5: Analyzing and Evaluating the Data with Statistical Tools Step 6: Interpreting and Discussing the Results Step 7: Deriving Conclusions from the Results

Developing Scientific Theories tested through the scientific method accurate explanation of some aspect of the natural world

Early Greek and Roman Anatomists Aristotle wrote On the Parts of Animals Galen compiled numerous anatomical reports first to assert that the brain controls muscles

Anatomists in the Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci The Vitruvian Man Andreas Vesalius De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body) William Harvey one of the first accurate descriptions of human physiology Reed/Shutterstock.com

Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: scientific theory, science, or Galen. 1. _______________ creates new knowledge. 2. A(n) _______________ is an accurate explanation of some aspect of the natural world. 3. The early Greek and Roman anatomists were Aristotle and _______________.