Bellwork 10-8 I run over fields and woods all day. Under the bed at night I sit not alone. My tongue hangs out, up and to the rear, awaiting to be filled in the morning. What am I?

Physical Science Chapter 5 omg omg

The Periodic Table Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number (amount of protons)

The number of elements per period varies because the number of available orbitals increases from energy level to energy level

Hydrogen

Helium

Both have all of their electrons on the first energy level

Lithium

How many energy levels are needed to hold lithium’s electrons?

Groups Each column in the periodic table is a group. Elements within a group have similar properties

Groups Properties of elements repeat in a predictable way when atomic numbers are used to arrange elements into a group.

Groups Elements in a group have similar electron configurations

Periodic Law Pattern of repeating properties is the periodic law.

What do you think the electrons of the atoms in the first group have in common?

Bellwork Without looking at your book: what period would the element Silicon be on if it has an atomic number of 14? I am weightless, but you can see me. Put me in a bucket, and I'll make it lighter. What am I?

aA aA

Bellwork Pronounced as one letter, And written with three, Two letters there are, And two only in me. I'm double, I'm single, I'm black, blue, and gray, I'm read from both ends, And the same either way. What am I?

Atomic Mass Units AMU is the mass unit assigned to atoms

Atomic Masses Atomic mass is a value that depends on the distribution of an element’s isotopes in nature and the masses of those isotopes.

Atomic Mass The atomic mass assigned to an element on the periodic table is a weighted average of the different isotopes of that element.

Classes of elements Take 3-4 minutes and read When you are finished I will give you further instructions

Classification Chart Create a chart classifying the three different ways in which elements are classified on a periodic table. Your chart should include: – 3 classifications – Detailed explanation of each – Illustration for each – Example of each

Bellwork # Without looking on your book… What period is this element in?

Bellwork # From the beginning of eternity To the end of time and space To the beginning of every end And the end of every place. What am I?

Classes of Elements There are several different ways to classify elements on the periodic table 3 examples are: 1)Physical state at room temperature 2)Those that occur naturally and those that do not (93+ do not occur naturally) 3)General properties (metals, nonmetals, metalloids)

Metals Most elements are metals – Good conductors – Solid at room temperature (except mercury) – Malleable – Ductile (pulled into wires) – Some are very reactive, some are not (magnesium vs. gold)

Metal reactivity k k

Transition metals Groups 3-12 Form a bridge between the metals on the left and right of the table Examples: copper and silver Some are used to tint glass

Tr

Nonmetals Properties opposite of metals Poor conductors of heat and electric current Many are gas at room temperature Great variation between nonmetals, chemical and physical

Some are very reactive, some are not at all Many form compounds, like fluorine and sodium found in toothpaste

Metalloids Elements with properties that fall between metals and nonmetals Some are good conductors, some are poor, and with some it depends on temperature

Variations Across a Period Across a period from left to right (except period 1) elements become less metallic and more nonmetallic in their properties

Metallic and nonmetallic chemical properties deal with the willingness of an atom to gain or lose electrons and the atom’s reactivity with other elements.

Homework Complete the workbook through chapter 5, section 2 (page 50) Remember you will need your book to answer some questions.