CHAPTER 4 FEDERALISTS & REPUBLICANS Section 3: Jefferson in office

Adams to Jefferson  Congress passed the Judiciary Act  Created 16 new Federal Judges Who does Adams pick???????????????? Federalists Became known as the “Midnight Judges”  Jefferson takes Power  Repeals the Judiciary Act = did away with position  Refused to deliver one of Adams appointment lead to Marbury vs. Madison

Marbury vs. Madison  Was:  A United States Supreme Court Case  Issue:  William Marbury was appointed to Justice of the Piece by Adams but letter was never delivered. Jefferson told James Madison (Chief Justice) not to deliver it. Marbury then field suit against Madison for not sending letter.  Verdict  Sided with Madison – Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional Request for court order couldn’t go directly to Supreme Court

Marbury vs. Madison  Importance  Created Judicial Review Power to decide of laws passed by the Congress were constitutional Made Supreme Court stronger

The Louisiana Purchase  Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans from France (Napoleon)  France needed money – War Debt  U.S. got 828,000 miles of land for $15 million

The Barbary War  Old administration would pay to have pirates not attack American ships in Mediterranean  Jefferson refused to give in Sent the U.S. Navy Result Pirates gave up Importance Marked the 1st time the U.S. Fought a foreign military conflict

Embargo of 1807  British Navy:  Imprisoned U.S. sailors  To avoid war  Jefferson asked congress to impose an Embargo on England to hurt their economy  Result Alost destroyed American trade Made Jefferson look bad