STRIDOR IN NEONATES AND INFANTS Ravi Pachigolla, MD Ronald Deskin, MD

Definition of Stridor l Venturi Principle l Musical Sounds l Levels of Obstruction

History and Physical l Duration l Severity l Related Symptoms l Examination l Radiography l Endoscopy

Laryngotracheobronchitis l Viral illness l Self Limited l Biphasic Stridor

Epiglottitis l Rapid Onset l Severe l Controlled Intubation

Laryngomalacia l Flaccid supraglottis vs. neuromuscular immaturity l Self-limited l Diagnosis l Surgical Correction

Subglottic Stenosis l Diagnosis l Congenital vs. Acquired l Anterior Cricoid Split l Laryngotracheoplasty

Subglottic Hemangioma l History and presentation l Treatment l Location

Vocal Cord Paralysis l Usually idiopathic l Characteristic sound l Usually self limited if unilateral l Bilateral more severe

Vascular Anomalies l Anomalous innominate artery l Double aortic arch l Retroesophageal right subclavian artery

Laryngeal Webs l Cause l Symptoms l Treatment

Laryngotracheal Clefts l Difficult diagnosis l Symptoms l Endoscopy l Treatment l Complications

Foreign Bodies l History and Presentation l Coordinated Team Effort l Proper Equipment essential l Techniques and complications