Review of Washington State’s Ballast Water Management Program Presented to the Pacific Ballast Work Group By Allen Pleus April 15, 2014 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife

2  Prevent AIS from entering Washington State  Control or eradicate established AIS populations  Foster state, federal, tribal, and private cooperation  Promote public knowledge of AIS threats and laws  Enforce Washington State AIS statutes and regulations  Participate in regional and national AIS efforts AIS Program Core Functions Zebra & QuaggaMussels BallastWater Tsunami Debris New Zealand Mudsnails

1.Technical assistance to vessels on state laws and regulations 2.Assess compliance with state laws and regulations  Office review of BWRFs  On-board vessel review of BWM documentation 3.Prevent the discharge on non-compliant ballast water 4.Coordinate with US Coast Guard & EPA 5.Coordinate on West Coast/national consistency 3 BWM Core Functions

1.Developing automated BWRF data entry screen 2.Researching ballast water exchange effectiveness 3.Researching biofouling impacts to state 4.Grant proposal to develop state ballast water management plan 5.Grant proposal to develop federal/state cooperative ballast water management Memorandum of Agreement 4 BWM Projects

 Legislatively Established in 2000; Revised 2007  Budget from 2000 to 2006  “Soft” funding ~ $20-$100k/yr  Budget from 2007 to 2011 ($355k – 4.3 FTE)  General State fund ~$275k/yr (2.7 FTE)  Other AIS funds ~$80k/yr (1.55 FTE)  Budget from 2012 to 2013 ($265k – 3.3 FTE)  ALEA ~$225k/yr (2.8 FTE)  Other AIS funds ~$40k/yr (0.5 FTE) 5 BWM History & Budget

Global Shipping Lanes Photo: Christina Simkanin Halpern et al Key: Warmer colors = More ships 4,100 Vessel Arrivals The Scope of Ballast Water Risk WashingtonState 13.8 M m 3 Discharge ( Annual Average) 304 Vessel Inspections 6

Vessel Arrivals by Last Port Percent Last Port Vessel Arrivals

Percentage Last Port Arrivals Percent Last Port Arrivals Trend

PS Arrival/Discharge by Vessel Type Percent Statewide Arrivals and Discharge Volumes by Vessel Type Arrivals (count) Discharge (volume) (Average )

PS Arrivals/Discharge by Region 10 Arrivals Percent Vessel Arrival/Discharge by Region Vesselarrivalsthatdischarge (Average ) Discharge Volume by Region 23% 74% 50% Average 33% of Arrivals Discharged BW

Arrivals/Discharge by Year 11 (Average )

Discharge by Region 12 (Average )

Discharge by Voyage Type 13 PS PortsTransoceanicCoastal Common Water Statewide 62%18%20% Puget Sound 37%33%30% Columbia River 85%4%11% Coastal 76%6%18% Percent Vessel Discharge Volume by Voyage Type Comparison (Average )

14 Discharge by Voyage Type Statewide Discharge by Voyage Type

BW Exchange Type 15

Vessel Compliance 16 ? ? 71% 75% (all vessels) Start Compliance (vessels that discharged)

 $150,000 EPA Puget Sound Marine and Nearshore Grant – Oct 2012 to May 2014  Awarded to Aquatic Bioinvasion Research and Policy Institute (PSU/SERC) – 5 tasks: 1.Identify species and percent of marine invasive species in Puget Sound 2.Identify high-risk vessel types 3.Identify best management equipment & practices 4.Identify non-vessel biofouling vectors, research & monitoring needs 5.Provide state management recommendations 17 Biofouling Impact Study

18 Biofouling Impact Study Preliminary Findings: 94 marine NIS established statewide 74 marine NIS established in Puget Sound 42 (57%) possible vessel biofouling vector

19 Biofouling Impact Study Initial Introduction Subsequent Spread Preliminary Findings: Vessel Biofouling (VB) 64% since 1950 Vessel Biofouling (VB) 45% since 1990

 $140,000 EPA Puget Sound Marine and Nearshore Grant – Sep 2012 to Dec 2014  Awarded to WDFW with subcontract to University of Washington – 6 tasks: 1.Assessment of existing Ballast Water Exchange (BWE) samples and need for new samples 2.Stakeholder review of draft interim report 3.Collection of new BWE samples 4.Processing/analysis of new BWE samples 5.Analysis of BWE samples 6.Stakeholder review and completion of final report 20 BW Exchange Effectiveness

 Collection/Processing Status:  58 new BWE samples collected for project to date  155 new and existing BWE samples processed for project to date  816 total BWE processed samples currently available for project analysis  116 total BWF unprocessed samples (not all will be processed for project)  932 total BWE samples 21 BW Exchange Effectiveness

 Maintain core functions  Continue work on automated BWRF data entry as time/resources allow  Continue work on Ballast Water Exchange project  Develop Ballast Water Management Plan if funded  Develop federal/state cooperative MOA if funded 22 Next Steps

Questions? 23 Thank You