1/8/14 Focus: -Feudalism is a form of government that started in the middle ages. -Feudalism only occurs when there is a weak central government because the king ends up giving away some of his land Do Now: Why was the Early Middle Ages known as the Dark Ages?

Focus “The Catholic church had to step up and do whatever they could to help the people of Western Europe. At times they provided food, shelter and many other things to the people. The reason why they needed to provided these things to the people was that there was no longer anyone else that could” Points for discussion- Why did people go to church so much during the middle ages? Term to know Missionary- Critical lens- “The church was the only stabile thing that they had in the middle ages ”

Feudalism Manor System The Middle Ages Feudalism Manor System

Medieval Society Nobility Clergy Peasants Kings and Queens Rulers Lords and Knights Controlled the land Clergy Church officials Peasants Majority of the population Worked the land and served the nobles

Feudalism #Political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

Feudalism #Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands

Feudalism Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs Fiefs (land) given to vassals A person granted land in return for loyalty or military service All nobles were vassals to the king

Feudalism Knights Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands Given land for their services #Chivalry Code of ethics followed by knights Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

Feudal Obligations Knights Obligation to Lord Lord’s Obligation to Knights Provide military service Remain loyal and faithful Give money on special occasions Give Land Protect from attack Resolve disputes between knights

Constructing the Pyramid Feudal Power SERFS AND FREEMEN

Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power KING LOYALTY AND SERVICE LAND POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

Manorial System #An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors Included a village and the land surrounding it

Manorial System Manors were self sufficient Most things needed for daily life were produced on the manor

Manorial System #Serfs #Peasants who lived and worked on the lord’s manor Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work Lords were required to protect the serfs

Manorial System The life of a serf was harsh Worked long hours few lived past 35 years old Based on heredity You were a serf if you parents were

Manorial System The Harshness of Manor Life Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest Tithe—a church tax—is equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds Worked long hours raising crops, livestock; feeding and clothing family Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan

Manorial System Freemen skilled workers who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor Ex. Blacksmith and millers

Let’s see how much you remember! Manorial System Let’s see how much you remember! Everyone owed loyalty to the ________ Nobles were near the top of the social hierarchy . They got _______ from the king. Lesser nobles (knights) gave _________ _________ in return for land _______ were bound to the land. They worked in return for ____________. __________ were skilled workers. They paid rent to the ______ and were free to move if they wanted to.

Closure Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe. What was a knight’s obligation to the lord? What was the lord’s obligation to the knight?

Check Your Answers Everyone owed loyalty to the king. Nobles were near the top of the social hierarchy. They got land from the king. Lesser nobles (knights) gave military service in return for land. Serfs were bound to the land. They worked in return for protection. Freemen were skilled workers. They paid rent to the nobles and were free to move if they wanted to.

Closure What was the Manorial System How were manors self sufficient? Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe.