Predicting Single & Double Displacement Reactions

The Activity Series The Activity Series is used to predict the outcome of single displacement reactions The higher a metal is on the Activity Series, the more likely it will react with those below it A metal will not displace a metal higher on the activity series than itself K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au

The Activity Series Cont. The metals near the top are more reactive because their valence electrons are more easily removed H is the only nonmetal in the series, H 2 may be displaced from acids or can be given off when a metal reacts with H 2 O producing H 2 + metal hydroxide

The Activity Series Questions Which of these will react? – K + NaCl  ??? – K + NaCl  Na + KCl – Al + AgNO 3  ??? – Al + AgNO 3  Ag + AL(NO 3 ) 3 – Cu + CaCO 3  ??? – Cu + CaCO 3  Ca + CuCO 3 – Pb + ZnO  ??? – Pb + ZnO  No Rxn K Na Li Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Au

The Solubility Table The Solubility Table is used to predict the outcome of double replacement reactions

The Solubility Table Cont. If at least one product of a double replacement reaction is solid then a reaction occurs If any gas is formed, the reaction will occur. – Possible Gases - H 2, Cl 2, O 2, N 2, H 2 S, HF, HCl, HBr, Hl, CO, CO 2, SO 2, SO 3, NH 3, NO, NO 2, HCN. If an unionized substance is formed such as H 2 0 or NH 3, the the reaction will occur. If both products of a double replacement reaction are aqueous or soluble then NO reaction occurs

The Solubility Table Questions Which of these will react? – NaCl (aq) + Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (s)  ??? – NaCl (aq) + Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (s)  No Rxn – FeCO 3 (s) + CaCl (aq)  ??? – FeCO 3 (s) + CaCl (aq)  FeCl 2 (aq) + CaCO 3 (s) – LiNO 3 (aq) + MgBr 2 (aq)  ??? – LiNO 3 (aq) + MgBr 2 (aq)  No Rxn – Zn(OH) 2 (s) + NiSO 4 (aq)  ??? – Zn(OH) 2 (s) + NiSO 4 (aq)  ZnSO 4 (aq) + Ni(OH) 2 (s)