Aim: How was the cell theory developed?

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE Cells: Cells: Metabolism: Metabolism: Homeostasis: Homeostasis: Reproduction: Reproduction:

What instrument was vital for scientists to discover and learn about cells? Light Microscope A light microscope can magnify objects up to 1000 times. This instrument allows scientists to see larger parts of a cell (cell membrane, nucleus, chromosomes, etc…)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1600’s Spiral Bacteria Human Sperm Developed simple light microscopes that allowed him to examine tiny things.

Robert Hooke(1665) CORK CELLSWhat is this? First Compound Microscope First person to use the word “cell”

Matthias Schleiden (1838) ALL PLANTS ARE MADE OF CELLS

Theodor Schwann (1838) ALL ANIMALS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS

Rudolf Virchow (1858) CELLS COME FROM PRE-EXISTING CELLS

Cell theory All living things are made of cells All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function (metabolism) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function (metabolism) New cells come from pre- existing cells New cells come from pre- existing cells

What are some problems with the Cell Theory? Are viruses living? Are viruses living? Where did the first cell come from? Where did the first cell come from? Mitochondria and Chloroplast can reproduce on their own. Mitochondria and Chloroplast can reproduce on their own.

Viruses They are not made up of cells, but are they living?

What do you know about viruses? They can make you very sick They can make you very sick They can be transmitted from person to person They can be transmitted from person to person There are different types of viruses There are different types of viruses

HOW BIG IS A VIRUS? They are microscopic and smaller than cells! Too small to be seen with a light microscope

Electron Microscope Used to view extremely Used to view extremely small structures inside cells & viruses Utilizes an electron beam instead of a light beam Utilizes an electron beam instead of a light beam Can magnify up to a Can magnify up to a million times Subject must be dead and dry Subject must be dead and dry

How can we determine if a virus is living or non-living? Is it made of cells? Is it made of cells? Does it maintain homeostasis? Does it maintain homeostasis? Does it carry out metabolism? Does it carry out metabolism? Does it reproduce? Does it reproduce?

Is a virus living or non living?

Introduction to Viruses Video

What do all cells have in common? Cell membrane – gives shape to the cells and allows things in and out. Cell membrane – gives shape to the cells and allows things in and out. The cytoplasm – the jelly like material where all cell parts are found The cytoplasm – the jelly like material where all cell parts are found

Light Microscope Our microscope has a maximum magnification of 400x. Our microscope has a maximum magnification of 400x. Useful for viewing larger organisms like bacteria and paramecium. Useful for viewing larger organisms like bacteria and paramecium.

What happened here?

Why does a doctor stick a swab inside your mouth? Cultures are used to grow bacteria. The jelly at the bottom is called agar. Why do we need agar to grow bacteria?

What’s the difference? BACTERIA VIRUS

What if you want to separate a mixture? Use A Centrifuge

Janet Plowe Cell Membrane Gives shape and controls what comes in and out