Effects of the Elwha River Dams. Largest Watershed in the Park Covers almost 20% of Olympic National Park.

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Presentation transcript:

Effects of the Elwha River Dams

Largest Watershed in the Park Covers almost 20% of Olympic National Park

Thomas Aldwell 1910

Cutting Corners; The First Dam Blows O Aldwell did not secure the foundation into the bedrock. O Aldwell did not get a federal license for the dam!!! O In October 1912, the foundation blew out and the torrent of water took out the lower bridge.

The Second Try O Amazingly, Aldwell was able to get funding to rebuilt the dam! O Repairs were completed in 1913 and the dam began operation. O Before their turbines were deactivated in June 2011, the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams produced ONLY 38% of the power for one paper mill!!! Elwha Dam Lake Aldwell in 2010 Nippon Paper Mill Lower Elwha Dam

Glines Canyon Dam O Glines Canyon dam was completed in 1927, 7 miles upstream from the Elwha dam. O The dam and reservoir were included in the boundaries of Olympic National Park in 1938.

Lake Mills Reservoir

What Effects Did the Dams Have on Salmon? Anadromous Fish Pre-Dam ~400,000 returns 70+ miles habitat FREEING THE ELWHA

Anadromous Fish Post-Dam < 4,000 returns 4.9 miles habitat FREEING THE ELWHA

The Loss of Downstream Spawning Grounds O The 5 miles of remaining available salmon habitat became severely degraded over time. O The loss of sediment below the dams resulted in river channels that lacked the gravel salmon need for spawning. O Historic practices, such as logging and agriculture also damaged the river.

The Problems Mounted… O Water-treatment facilities were built downstream. O Dam removal began in September 2011.

Elwha Dam Removal Click image to view animation

Glines Canyon Dam Removal Click image to view animation

Dam Removal Webcams O The dams are inaccessible to the public during deconstruction. 6 webcams were installed along the Elwha River for the public to observe the removal process. O They can be viewed at monitoring.com/construction/olympic/js.htmhttp://video- monitoring.com/construction/olympic/js.htm

This project was made possible in part by a grant from Washington’s National Park Fund.