Expansionism rapid settlement & economic development of the West

EXPANSIONISM F Advance to the Mississippi F Manifest Destiny F Texas Independence and Annexation F The War Against Mexico F Westward Expansionism

Expanding Settlement,

EXPANSIONISM F F The Advance to the Mississippi – –Harrison Land Act of 1800 Federal Land sales New States - Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois Alabama, Missouri 160 acres for.50 cents an acre 4 yrs to pay at 1.50 per acre – –Great Plantations appeared in Alabama and Mississippi Planters from Virginia, the Carolinas & Georgia moved inland

EXPANSIONISM F F The Advance to the Mississippi – –Indian Removal East of the Mississippi The Trail of Tears – –John C. Calhoun, Monroe's Secretary of War established a resettlement policy of Indians beyond Missouri Rivers by 1830's completed – –William Henry Harrison destroyed Indian power in Northwest. – –Andrew Jackson crushed the Creeks & Cherokees of the Southwest

EXPANSIONISM   Manifest Destiny "Our manifest destiny (is) to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions." John O' Sullivan "Democratic Review” 1845 Zinn pg. 152

EXPANSIONISM F F Texas Independence –American Immigration to Texas –Independence Declared –Battle of the Alamo – –Lone Star Republic 1836 Sam Houston (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM F F Texas Annexation 1845 – –The Democrats and Expansion Polk Elected – –U.S. agrees to annex Texas 1845 – –Texas /Mexico Border Dispute U.S. states Rio Grande River Mexico claims Nueces River – –Mexican order to prohibit U.S. immigration to CA Bear Flag Revolt 1845 James K. Polk (Portrait Gallery)

EXPANSIONISM F F The War Against Mexico – –War and Expansionism – –Zachary Taylor advances from Nueces to Rio Grande 11 Americans killed by Mexicans on 3/8/46 – –U.S. declared war 1700 Americans died, 4000 Mexicans, most die from disease – –Zinn p.162 – –Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo July 4, 1848 Texas, CA & New Mexico & 1 million sq. miles become a part of the United States U.S. paid $15 million

EXPANSIONISM The Mexican War,

EXPANSIONISM   Westward Expansion – –Early Explorers Lewis & Clark Zeb Pike – – Trappers Hudson Bay Co. American Fur Co. Rocky Mt. Fur Co. – –Mountain Men Jed Smith Josiah Walker – –Surveyors/Scouts John C. Fremont Western Trails ’s

EXPANSIONISM

  Westward Expansion – –The Mormons – –Early Settlers/ Conestoga Wagons 1840’s to Oregon & CA – –Applegates, Lassens, Bidwells, Bartlesons, Donner Party

EXPANSIONISM F F Westward Expansion –Oregon Territory “Joint Occupation”“Joint Occupation” –The Westward Migration The Oregon TrailThe Oregon Trail Growing American SettlementsGrowing American Settlements The Oregon Boundary, 1846

Compromise over Oregon “54’ 40” or Fight!” Britain relinquished all territorial claims 1846

EXPANSIONISM   Westward Expansion – –Gold Discovery in California 1848 –In ,000 would be miners set out overland from Missouri to CA –Another 25,000 made it by sea –Few became rich, but the hundreds of thousands pushed CA towards statehood

The Gold Rush

The Mother Lode

EXPANSIONISM   Westward Expansion – –Gadsden Purchase bought from Mexico for 10 mill – –Mail routes/Pony Express – –Transcontinental Railroad 1869

EXPANSIONISM

F F Westward Expansion – –Early Explorers – – Trappers – –Mountain Men – –Westward Migration Early Settlers Conestoga Wagon Trains Mormon Settlement Oregon Territory – –Gold Discoveries – –Mail routes/Pony Express – –Transcontinental Railroad