62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 RECENT APPLICATIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF METHANE SPECTROSCOPY TO THE ATMOSPHERE OF TITAN Vincent BOUDON Institut Carnot de Bourgogne – UMR 5209 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, 9 Av. A. Savary, BP 47870, F DIJON, France Athéna COUSTENIS, Emmanuel LELLOUCH, Pierre DROSSART LESIA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, 5 Place Jules Jansen, F MEUDON, France Alberto NEGRÃO Observatorio Astronomico and Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, , LISBOA, Portugal Caitlin A. GRIFFITH Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, TUCSON, AZ 85721, USA
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Contents I.Methane on Titan II.Status of CH 4 spectroscopy III.Application of the octad’s modeling IV.Perspectives for CH 4 spectroscopy
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 I. Methane on Titan
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Titan: Methane everywhere! Lakes Rivers Cryovolcanoes? Clouds Atmosphere Soil (clathrates?)
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 DISR spectrum of Titan (Huygens / ESA)
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Use of CH 4 spectroscopy on Titan Measure methane concentration (1.6 % stratosphere, 5 % ground) Determine methane’s origin Retrieve methane vertical profiles Remove methane spectrum to find minor species Retrieve haze profile Measure surface albedo Visible939 nm
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 II. Status of CH 4 spectroscopy
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 The polyads of CH 4 « Saturn Methane Image » – 16/02/2004 Cassini / MT2 Filter : 727 nm = cm -1 Global fit Titan 939 nm CH 4 window
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Present status of CH 4 analyses (early 2007) Polyad / Spectral regionLine positionsLine intensitiesLine shapes 1 – Ground state 0–200 cm -1 (> 5.0 m) Complete analysis, J ≤ 24 Complete analysisNo analysis 2 – Dyad 1000–1800 cm -1 (5.6–10.0 m) Complete analysis, J ≤ 23 Complete analysis, with some hot bands Perturbers: He et N 2 3 – Pentad 2200–3300 cm -1 (3.0–4.6 m) Complete analysis, J ≤ 18 Complete analysis, cold bands only Perturbers: He, Ar, N 2, O 2, CH 4 4 – Octad 3700–4800 cm -1 (2.0–2.7 m) Complete analysis, J ≤ 16 Complete analysis, cold bands only No analysis 5 – Tetradecad 5400–6300 cm -1 (1.6–1.9 m) Incomplete analysis, J ≤ 10 Partial analysis, cold bands only No analysis 6 – Icosad 6600–7700 cm -1 (1.3 – 1.5 m) Very partial analysis of 1 band among 20 No analysis Upper polyads > 7800 cm -1 (< 1.28 m) No analysis Windows (polyad far wings, all regions) No analysis
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 III. Application of the octad’s modeling
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, m region with ISO spectra 12 CH CH CH 3 D absorption coefficients calculated thanks to Dijon analyses Modeling of ISO (and Keck II) data, including haze profile
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Surface albedo from CFHT/FTS spectra 22 2 m window
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 VLT/NACO spectrum of Huygens site (I) A. Negrão, M. Hirtzig, A. Coustenis, E. Gendron, P. Drossart, P. Rannou, M. Combes and V. Boudon, J. Geophys. Res. Planets 112, E02S92 (2007) VLT (NAOS/CONICA image) January 16, 2005 Huygens landing site Bright region Dark region NB: Measurement error (3 ) above 2.12 m is ± 27 %
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 VLT/NACO spectrum of Huygens site (II) A. Negrão, M. Hirtzig, A. Coustenis, E. Gendron, P. Drossart, P. Rannou, M. Combes and V. Boudon, J. Geophys. Res. Planets 112, E02S92 (2007) (Irwin = « band » model)
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Discovery of a polar ethane cloud C. A. Griffith, P. Penteado, P. Rannou, R. Brown, V. Boudon, K. H. Baines, R. Clark, P. Drossart, B. Buratti, P. Nicholson, C. P. McKay, A. Coustenis, A. Negrão and R. Jaumann, Science 313, 1620–1622 (2006) Octad 2.11 m 2.17 m
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 IV. Perspectives for CH 4 spectroscopy
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Spectroscopy of CH 4 : what next? Continue the global analysis approach Next goal: the Tetradecad (5400 – 6300 cm -1 ) Add new data (positions & intensities, hot bands) Windows (high J, far wings) New approches : Use of the ab initio potential energy surface to calculate the effective Hamiltionian and dipole moment (cf. work of Vl. G. Tyuterev, Reims, France) Statistical approach for hot bands
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 The triacontad Spectre : L. R. Brown (JPL/KPNO)
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 The STDS database Spherical Top Data System Molecular parameter database Calculation and analysis programs XTDS : Java interface
62th Ohio State University Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy June 18–22, 2007 Post-doctoral postition available in Dijon! Modelling of methane absorption in the near infrared region and application to planetary atmospheres 12 months position Contact: NEW !