Di Di: a transverse bam boo flute with six finger holes, a month hole, and other hole covered by a thin membrane. History: was introduced into China from Central Asia (Xi Yu) early in the Han dynasty. Function Ancient time: the di was used in military ensembles. It has been included in the ritual ensembles for many centuries. Today: popular as a solo instrument in from folk ballads to regional ensembles and operas. Types: Bandi: shorter, popular folk instrument Qidi: more common in operatic performance Famous Piece: Suzhou Scenery
Xiao Xiao: an end-blow bamboo flute having five finger holes in the front, one finger hole in the back, and one blowing hole on the top. History: emerged during Zhou dynasty (11th to 3 rd century BC). Function Performed in ensemble music and in solo style. The xiao is found in all sizhu ensembles. Types: Zizhu xiao: thin, long-internodal xiao. Dong xiao (open xiao): short, broad xiao Yuping xiao: a slender and often handsomely decorated flute Famous Piece: Su Wu Herding Sheep
Sheng Sheng: a free-reed mouth organ consisting of a circle of bamboo pipes, each with a reed fitted on its lower end, inserted into a copper, wood or gourd base. History: emerged during Zhou dynasty (11th to 3 rd century BC). Function An important instrument in Jiannan Sizhu and very widely used in northern Chuida ensembles Famous Piece: Fan Huen Xiang
Sona Sona: a double-reed conical instrument, made of a wooden tube with a reed attached at one end and a copper bell skirt on the other end.. History: introduced from Central Asia during Ming Dynasty. Function In regional ensembles, folk dances, processionals (weddings and funerals), and traditional opera accompaniment. Famous Piece: Busy Greeting within the Birds