VELOCITY & ACCELERATION VELOCITY *Describes both the speed & direction of an object.

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Presentation transcript:

VELOCITY & ACCELERATION

VELOCITY *Describes both the speed & direction of an object

VELOCITY Direction *can be expressed using (+) (+) or (-) signs *up, right or forward are considered to be (+)(+) *down, left, or backward are considered to be (-)(-)

When can the speed of an object remain constant while the velocity of the object is changing?

When the object is changing directions!!!! *the velocity changes because the direction changes.

When is the direction of an object always changing? *When the object is turning in a circle.

ACCELERATION *Rate of change of VELOCITY

ACCELERATION *Occurs when the speed and/or direction of motion changes (  v ) * during a time interval (  t)

FORMULA FOR ACCELERATION *a =  v /  t *a = v f - v i / t f - t i

1.) An airplane traveling at a speed of 20 km/min changes to 80 km/min over a distance of 57 km. When the airplane started to speed up it was 1:37 p.m. When the airplane finished its acceleration it was 1:46 p.m. What was the airplane’s acceleration? Sample problem 1

Need Information Initial Velocity = 20 km/minInitial Time = 1:37 p.m. Final Velocity = 80 km/minFinal Time = 1:46 p.m. a = v f - v i / t f - t i 80 km/min - 20 km/min 1:46 - 1:37 a = 60 km/min 9 min a = 6.67 km/min 2

* speeding up is considered to be + * slowing down is considered to be –

Positive and Negative signs indicate both : For ACCELERATION… 1.) Direction of Displacement (Forward/Backward, Left/Right, Up/Down) 2.) Change in Speed (Speeding up, Slowing down)

What is the SIGN of acceleration for a car speeding up while moving forward? Speeding up: Positive change in speed Moving forward: Positive direction of displacement Positive x Positive = POSITIVE ACCELERATION Sample Problem 2

What is the SIGN of acceleration for a car that is speeding up while moving backwards? Speeding up: Positive change in speed Moving backwards: Negative direction of displacement Positive x Negative = NEGATIVE ACCELERATION Sample Problem 3

What is the SIGN of acceleration for a car slowing down while moving backwards? Slowing down: Negative change in speed Moving backwards: Negative direction of displacement Negative x Negative = POSITIVE ACCELERATION Sample Problem 4

Negative Acceleration is NOT the same as Deceleration !!!!

DECELERATION Refers ONLY to the slowing down of an object The last sample problem demonstrated a positive acceleration sign that included deceleration

Acceleration of Coach McKnight on the Interstate S P E D (M/S) T I M E (SEC.) “To calculate total distance covered you must color in the graph.”

Acceleration of Coach McKnight on the Interstate T I M E (SEC.) S P E D (M/S) “To calculate total distance covered you must color in the graph.”