Compromises to the Constitution

Articles of Confederation 1 Legislature, no other parts of government

Two Opposing Plans Virginia Plan- large states supported it New Jersey Plan- small states supported it

Virginia Plan 3 Parts of Government – Legislature: making laws – Executive: enforcing laws – Judicial: interpreting laws Bicameral Legislature Bicameral- 2 houses Based on Population: more states more power

New Jersey Plan 3 branches (like V plan) Unicameral Legislature: – Unicameral: 1 house 1 state, 1 vote Same as Articles of Confederation Small states equal to large states

What do we do about this? We Compromise.

Great Compromise Compromise- both sides give up something but gain something else Take both plans and put them together Legislature is bicameral Congress: – House of Representatives – Senate

2 house Legislature House of Representatives: – Representation set up by population Senate: – Each state gets 2 representatives

House of Representatives Based on Population The more people in the state, the more representatives 438 representatives

Senate Each state 2 representatives

3/5 Compromise How do we measure the pop. Of slaves? 3 out of 5 slaves are counted in the census Afr. Americans counted as 3/5 of a human

Other Compromises Congress could regulate trade btwn states and other countries Congress could not tax on exports Could not mess with slave trade until 1808

Who to elect the President? Electoral College- group of people who select the president Today, we elect both Electoral College and President

A divided public Federalists- group that supported the Constitution Federalism- form of government where power is divided between the state and national government

Against Constitution Anti-Federalists- against the constitution Too much power to the National government, Not enough to states No guaranteed rights

One last Compromise… Add a Bill of Rights to Constitution (guaranteed rights)

New Constitution June 21, /13 states ratified Constitution

3 Parts: 1. Preamble: Government’s Goals 2. Articles: Government’s Powers 3. Amendments: Government’s Limits/ People’s Rights

New question 8. What goals do the US government have, according to the Preamble?

Taking a moment….. On Sept. 11, planes crashed into the world trade center 1 plane flew into the Pentagon 1 plane flew into a field in Pennsylvania, aimed at White House

More Principles of the Constitution!

Do Not Write Most Important- Popular Sovereignty Following are meant to make sure we have power of the people

James Madison: “You must first enable the government to control the governed, and in the next place oblige it to control itself.”

Separation of Powers Power of the Government is split between legislative, executive, and judicial branches

Checks and Balances Each branch of government has the power to restrain the other branches

Supremacy of the Constitution If any laws conflict with the Constitution, the Constitution will win

We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Vocabulary Anglo SaxonsAnarchy Monarchy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy DictatorshipCivics Citizenship Social ContractArticles of Confederation Tea Act CompromiseBicameralMonarchy Boston Tea PartyTownshend ActPrecedent Common Law Charter Declaratory ActCompactDelegates Colony Stamp ActRatifyRepeal

Anglo Saxons Anarchy Monarchy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Dictatorship Civics Citizenship Social Contract