Define the geographical scope of management Phase I Preparation and Initial Conceptualisation Step 1 © Christina Lehmann 2014

Credits and conditions of use 1. Define the geographical scope of management2 You are free to share this presentation and adapt it for your use under the following conditions: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must remove the Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management logo, and you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar conditions to this one. © Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, 2014 The Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management strongly recommends that this presentation is given by experts familiar with the adaptive management process in general (especially as designed as the Conservation Measures Partnership’s Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation) as well as the MARISCO Method itself. This material was created under the leadership and responsibility of Prof. Dr. Pierre Ibisch and Dr. Peter Hobson, co- directors of the Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, which was jointly established by Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development and Writtle College. Compare: Ibisch, P.L. & P.R. Hobson (eds.) (2014): The MARISCO method: Adaptive MAnagement of vulnerability and RISk at COnservation sites. A guidebook for risk-robust, adaptive, and ecosystem-based conservation of biodiversity. Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, Eberswalde (ISBN ). 195 pp. – This Powerpoint Presentation was conceived by Jamie Call, Christina Lehmann and Pierre Ibisch. Authors of graphs and photographs are indicated on the corresponding slides. Supported by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of the Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ).

1. Define the geographical scope of management3

Learning objectives Participants have the skills to guide through the process of defining a scope of management taking into account the wider context of a conservation site. They have the understanding and are able to explain the key term “scope” as well as the rationale for this step to identify a scope of management including features of biodiversity that need consideration and protection and taking into account issues related to human impacts occurring in the wider landscape. 1. Define the geographical scope of management4

? Outline What is the geographical scope of management? Why is it important to define the geographical scope? How do we define the geographical scope? Practical Tips 1. Define the geographical scope of management5

? What is the geographical scope of management? The area of a project or site, where deployment of resources is necessary to maintain, restore or develop ecosystem functionality An area large enough to include relevant features of ecosystems that need consideration and management 1. Define the geographical scope of management6 © Pierre Ibisch 2014

? Why is it important to define the geographical scope? To build an agreement upon common ground among all participants → everyone knows which (elements of ) ecosystems are to be included in the analysis of vulnerability and risk 1. Define the geographical scope of management7 Gives criteria regarding further administrative units to be approached in the course of research/ planning/ strategy implementation → encouragement to in- clude neighbouring units (potentially across borders) © Pierre Ibisch 2014

? How do we define the geographical scope? Metaphor of a medical doctor and his examination of the patient Which part of the body has to be examined? Is it only a specific part of the body that shows symptoms of illness or is there more behind that? Which parts of the body need to be treated in order to heal the patient? Does the source of sickness come from somewhere else? What about the patients environment? A more holistic and functional approach is to be chosen 1. Define the geographical scope of management8 © Microsoft

? How do we define the geographical scope? Maps are of major importance to visualise the study region and its surroundings In order to take all influences into account the following properties should be contained: – Habitat types – Land use cover – Land use cover change (e.g. deforestation) – Administrative boundaries – Land tenure – Topography – Hydrology (catchment areas!) – Infrastructure 1. Define the geographical scope of management9 © Christoph Nowicki 2013 © Google earth Satellite pictures are also helpful as they are real-life images containing surface features that do not necessarily appear on maps Time series showing changes might be useful

? How do we define the geographical scope? Where applicable, identify the legally defined conservation site Evaluate the appropriateness of the existing area with regards to understand the biodiversity needs that go beyond legally defined borders (e.g. forest blocks/ corridors, natural ecosystem borders) as well as relevant socioeconomic features or stakeholders Extend the area of analysis if held necessary Make sure that participants understand that scope will be revisited later on 1. Define the geographical scope of management10 © Pierre Ibisch 2014 © Christoph Nowicki 2013

? Practical Tips Size matters! The bigger the maps the easier to work on and with them In case of legally established conservation or planning sites (e.g. protected area, municipality) make sure that maps include a sufficiently large buffer around it (participants rarely decide to expand scope of analysis beyond regions depicted on maps) Encouraging the participants to expand the area across borders is sometimes necessary (where appropriate) Take scope-wise requirements of original project and the client’s expectations into account Provide maps on which can be drawn (working material!) 1. Define the geographical scope of management11