R ESPONDING TO MAJOR EMERGENCIES Is the system ready? Is UNICEF ready? REAs meeting Geneva 3 October 2012

Haiti and Pakistan in 2010 Humanitarian Reform of 2005, review and mid- course correction Inter-agency evaluations noting piece-meal response, gaps in coordination, inconsistencies and focus on process rather than results Internal UNICEF reviews, evaluations UNICEF CEAP, SSOPs IASC Transformative Agenda Expectations of donor governments, programme country governments, public media, affected populations W HY THE QUESTION ?

Leadership Coordination Accountability Preparedness Advocacy and Communication First priority: Large-scale rapid-onset crises Then broaden to system-wide improvements for all international humanitarian assistance F OCUS OF THE “TA”

Principals meet within 48 hours; review scale, complexity, urgency, capacity, reputational risk. Review senior humanitarian leadership and deploy from D2 pool Deployment of IARRM for coordination support CERF allocation of $10-20million “Empowered leadership” of the HC for up to 3 months Preliminary Scenario Definition, MIRA to guide priorities Strategic plan established by the HC/HCT in first days based on joint rapid needs assessment. Appeals and allocations will be linked to strategic priorities. P ROGRESS TO DATE : S YSTEM - WIDE L3 D ECLARATION

STEPS - A CTIVATION If not level 3, automatically Level 2, RO to conduct assessment and lead support to response Rec to ED by EMOPS Director (+18 hrs max) Based on agreed def. for Level 3 Global Broadcast by ED Declares Level 3 States duration (< 3mo) Names GEC Establishes EMT Other specific measures If situation deteriorates, RD and EMOPS revert to ED Sudden-onset emergency or rapid deterioration of a chronic situation Event CO responds as per CCCs Triggers: IRT deployment (GEC) CC deployment Application of SSOPs

A CTIVATION PROCESSES Event + 24 hours 18 hours: EMOPS Director rec to EDOCHA generates preliminary analysis for ERC based on HCT/UNCT info, NDMA ED issues global broadcast: declaration, duration, GEC, EMT, IRT activation Emergency directors confer on agency recommendations and response Review leadership/step aside Criteria for activation: scale, urgency, complexity, capacity, reputational risk Event + 48 hours IRT deployment, no regretsIASC Principals convene to review criteria, senior leadership (D2 pool), composition of IARRM Issues EPF $1mERC issues activation, informs national authorities, SG, DPKO/DPA, UNDG. Event + 72 hours and beyond Rapid assessment, preference for inter-agencyDay 3: Senior HC deploys with “empowered leadership”; IARRM deploys ‘no regrets’; CERF allocation $10-20m for HC allocation. Day 3: Joint preliminary scenario definition, MIRA underway Day 3-5: Strategic plan by HC/HCT (including which clusters activate), informs cluster/sector planning for Flash Day 7-10 Flash appeal; Day 30, Flash revised

D EPLOYMENTS UNICEF IRT minimumIARRM minimum Team leaderEmergency/Senior HC Supply/logistics, HR, planning/M&E, coms, operations, relevant programme staff OCHA staff to support HC/HCT: inter-cluster, needs assessment, IM, Cluster coordinators: WASH, nutrition, education, CP, IM L3 capable coordinators for sectoral support + IM Common humanitarian services (UNHAS, telecoms, etc) NGO leadership Security/UNDSS

W HAT IS NEW ? Strategic Plan at HCT level Priorities based on early evidence, pre-crisis baseline. Common approach, ID obstacles and mitigation, outcomes and agency contributions, establish POLR Guides cluster/sector planning, leading to Flash Empowered leadership (3 months only) In absence of HCT consensus, HC decides Allocation of initial CERF per strategic priorities IASC Monitoring and reporting framework Still under development (informed by UNICEF experience) Focus on accountability for results, tracking progress towards HCT strategic objectives, cluster objectives Supported by consistent and predictable IM

A SSUMPTIONS AND CHALLENGES ? Perfect understanding in an imperfect situation Partners for programme scale-up exist in country Government agreement and support for international response and L3 activation Activation based on humanitarian need UNICEF capacities at CO/RO/HQ for operations, programme and coordination Alignment of UNICEF accountabilities at CO/RO/HQ with CEAP and IASC activation procedures Engagement in HCT to determine humanitarian priorities = CCCs? Blind spots?

Q UESTIONS ?

W ORKING SESSION PLENARY DISCUSSION: What are the top 10 challenges/ key capacity gaps at HQ and RO levels to respond to mega emergencies? Including inter-agency gaps ? GROUP WORK QUESTIONS: What time-bound actions should be undertaken by whom and with whom to address these? What additional procedures, mechanisms and accountability structures should be established (or existing ones changed) within UNICEF and at inter-agency level to ensure that we are ready to respond to mega-emergencies? ______________________________________________