Relation of Intelligence Quotient and Body Mass Index in Preschool Children Amir Alishahi, MD, MPH The Gillings School of Global Public Health December 7, 2015

Presentation Outline BackgroundMethodResultDiscussionQ & A

Overweight and obesity in children is a global problem. Physicial effects: Hypertension, Impaired glucose metabolism, Extra stress on weight-bearing joints, Liver disease and Asthma Psychological effects: lowering self- esteem, affecting relationships with peers and social problems. BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

Type: Cross-sectional community-based at national level in Iran Time: Between 25 April 2009 and 19 May Sampling method: 13 strata and multi- stage random cluster sampling from each strata Sample: 1352 preschool children aged 6–7 years old BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

Long-term medication use for any health disorder History of any kind of infectious or non-infectious hepatic disorder History of familial hyperlipidemia, endocrine disorders and Hypothyroidism Any physical disability or a neurological disorder or hearing loss Obesity secondary to genetic disorders Living with single parents or identical twins Any developmental neurologic or psychiatric alterations Children under special diets or history of autism Children who have been examined for IQ in the past 6 months Children because of their or their parents refusal to participate in the study Mental retardation, any chronic medical problem such as asthma anemia BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

Health system structure Age, gender, history of any previous education, household size and area of residence, age and educational level of parents, type of childbirth, type of infant feeding and minimum household income, height and weight of children were documented The BMI cutoff points used were those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Fourth Edition, Full-Scale IQ BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

A total of 1151 children participated in the study 597 (51.9%) were boys and 554 (48.1%) were girls. The mean of IQ was 99.46±2.12 with the range 71–131. BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

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A lower IQ score is associated with abnormal BMI A higher IQ score is associated with maternal and paternal education. A higher IQ score is associated with cesarean section A higher IQ score is associated with breastfeeding A higher IQ score is associated with wealthier and smaller families A higher IQ score is associated with living bigger cities BackgroundMethodResultDiscussion

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