Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds.  Write formulas for ionic compounds.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds

 Write formulas for ionic compounds.

 Ionic compounds always contain positive and negative ions.  In the chemical formula, the sum of the charges of the cations must always equal the sum of the charges of the anions.

1. Write the symbol for the metal and its charge followed by the symbol of the nonmetal and its charge.

2. Make the magnitude of the charge on each ion (without the sign) become the subscript for the other ion. Al 3+ O 2- Al 2 O 3

3. If possible, reduce the subscripts to give a ratio with the smallest whole numbers. 4. Check to make sure that the sum of the charges of the cations exactly cancels the sum of the charges of the anions. Al 2 O 3

 Write the formulas for ionic compounds that form from the following:  Mg and O  F and Li  Ca and Cl  N and K  S and Al

 Recognize polyatomic ions in a chemical formula by becoming familiar with these common polyatomic ions.  Just as we did with monoatomic ions, make sure that the charges cancel out.

 Write the formula for the compound that forms from calcium and nitrate ions.

 Write the formulas for ionic compounds that form from the following:  aluminum and phosphate  sulfite and sodium