IONS IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge.IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge. Taking.

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Presentation transcript:

IONS IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge.IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge. Taking away an electron from an atom gives a CATION with a positive chargeTaking away an electron from an atom gives a CATION with a positive charge Adding an electron to an atom gives an ANION with a negative charge.Adding an electron to an atom gives an ANION with a negative charge. To tell the difference between an atom and an ion, look to see if there is a charge in the superscript! Examples: Na + Ca +2 I - O -2To tell the difference between an atom and an ion, look to see if there is a charge in the superscript! Examples: Na + Ca +2 I - O -2 Na Ca I O Na Ca I O

Forming Cations & Anions A CATION forms when an atom loses one or more electrons. An ANION forms when an atom gains one or more electrons Mg --> Mg e- F + e- --> F -

PREDICTING ION CHARGES In general metals (Mg) lose electrons ---> cationsmetals (Mg) lose electrons ---> cations nonmetals (F) gain electrons ---> anionsnonmetals (F) gain electrons ---> anions

Learning Check – Counting State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these ions. 39 K + 16 O -241 Ca #p + ___________________ #n o ___________________ #e - ___________________

One Last Learning Check Write the nuclear symbol form for the following atoms or ions: A. 8 p +, 8 n, 8 e - ___________ B.17p +, 20n, 17e - ___________ C. 47p +, 60 n, 46 e - ___________

Charges on Common Ions By losing or gaining e-, atom has same number of e-’s as nearest Group 8A atom.