Civics Chapter 1 What is Civics?
Civics is… the study of government and citizenship
Government is… the ruling authority for a community; power to make and enforce laws Three basic types of governments
Ruled by a hereditary king, queen, or emperor Monarchy Ruled by a hereditary king, queen, or emperor Ex. United Kingdom Japan Saudi Arabia
Constitutional Monarchy The power of the monarch is limited by the country’s Constitution Ex: United Kingdom Japan
United Kingdom – Queen Elizabeth II
Japan – Emperor Akihito
Absolute Monarchy The power of the monarch is without limits Ex: Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia – King Salman
Absolute power of one person or a small group Dictatorship Absolute power of one person or a small group Examples: Kim Jong-un Fidel Castro Saddam Hussein
People rule and make laws Democracy People rule and make laws Ex. United States India Mexico
Two Types of Democracy 1. Direct – Every citizen votes for the laws directly Ex . Ancient Athens, Switzerland, and Mayflower Compact
Two Types of Democracy 2. Representative – citizens elect representatives to govern on their behalf Ex. United States of America and House of Burgesses
The Citizen and the Community Chapter 1 The Citizen and the Community
Civics is… the study of government and citizenship
Citizenship Citizen – member of a community with a government and laws
Citizenship means… have certain rights and duties share a common history, customs, or values Americans share the ideals of individual rights and equality of opportunity
Citizen by Birth ANY Child born inside the U.S. or its territories, even by non-citizens Exception – foreign diplomat children
Citizen by Birth Child whose parents are both U.S. citizens, wherever he or she is born
Non-Citizens Aliens – people from other countries who are not U.S. citizens Immigrants – people from another country who want to live in the U.S. permanently; must have permission
Naturalization – the process by which immigrants become citizens
Duties and Responsibilities Ch. 1 continued… Duties and Responsibilities While being an American citizen you have plenty of rights and freedoms, but you also have duties and responsibilities
Duties of a Citizen Things we are required to do If we fail to perform them, we are subject to fines or imprisonment
Duties Obey the Law
Duties Pay taxes
Duties Defend the nation
Duties Serve in Court
Duties Attend school
Responsibilities Things we should do Obligations to fulfill voluntarily
Responsibilities Be informed and vote
Responsibilities Participate in your community and government
Responsibilities Respect the rights and property of others
Responsibilities Respect different opinions and ways of life