American History Unit 1 Lecture 5

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American History Unit 1 Lecture 5 Life in England’s Colonies

North vs. South Northern Colonies Southern Colonies Diverse Economy Based on trade and shipping Small, independent farms Public land areas/more towns develop Agricultural Economy Plantation owners dominate society – most people small farmers Growing slave population

North vs. South Northern Colonies Southern Colonies Key Industries: -shipbuilding - iron works - lumber - trade - few slaves Key Crops: - rice - tobacco - indigo -Cash Crops requiring intensive slave labor

Grove Plantation – Charleston, SC – Rice Plantation *1

Lives of Women Northern Women Southern Women No legal rights Only single women/widows can own property Hard work on farms Motherhood/family life No legal rights Only basic educations Hard work for many Motherhood/family life Anne Bradstreet, Puritan Poet 3

Slavery in the Colonial South Unique culture develops among enslaved Africans Combine African traditions and English influence (storytelling, dance, song, religion) Various means of resistance Outright rebellions, like Stono Rebellion of 1739, almost always fail Click on the sign for a PRIMARY ACCOUNT of the Stono Rebellion. 2

English Policies and Effects How did England profit from the colonies? Answer: MERCANTILISM Mercantilism = economic system where nations try to achieve a positive trade balance, accumulate wealth, and expand in power and influence.

English Policies and Effects Mercantilism – Colonies supply raw materials and become a market for finished goods. Navigation Acts – rules about how Colonies trade: Certain products can only be sold to England (sugar, tobacco, rice) Any good sent to Europe must first pass through England. Why? Navigation Acts are not strictly enforced

English Policies and Effects 1688 – Glorious Revolution in England King James II is replaced by William and Mary in a bloodless “revolution” Power of the Parliament increases English supervision of the colonies/enforcement of the Navigation Acts is very loose…called: SALUTARY NEGLECT Colonial assemblies gain power, Merchants are allowed to do what they want. Colonists begin getting used to freedoms.

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